摘要
通过野外调查和民间走访,对高望界自然保护区种子植物野菜资源进行调查与统计,提出该区野菜资源开发和利用存在的问题。初步调查到该区种子植物野菜类共有163种(含变种),隶属54科153属,分别占湘西地区野菜科、属、种总数的42.2%、64.7%和33.6%。其中菊科、蝶形花科等7个大科的种数占总种数的40.49%。春季采食的野菜有130种,秋、夏、冬季的种数分别为48、35、10。叶菜类有128种,茎、根、种子和花类分别为44、15、15和12种;生长在路旁、草地的野菜分别占35.48%和23.23%。科的地理成分中热带性质占27.78%、温带性质占14.81%;属的地理成分中世界分布属占18.30%,温带分布属占53.60%,中国特有分布属占8.5%。小根蒜、鸭儿芹、豆腐柴是当地人们最常食用的特色野菜。根据高望界野菜植物资源的蕴藏量、开发利用价值及利用现状,提出了开发利用的建议。高望界野菜资源丰富,对其合理地开发利用有利当地的经济发展。
Based on investigation in the fields and folk interview,the paper had an investigation and statistics on wild edible plants resources and the local characteristics of wild edible plants in Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve and put forward some questions about exploitation and utilization of wild edible plants resources there.Some 163 species of wild edible plants belonging to 153 genera and 54 families were found in Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve of which the wild edible plants species account for 33.6% of the total species in Xingxi,the genera account for 64.7% of the total,the families for 42.2% of the total and shows the richness and the abundance of wild edible plants resource.Judged by families and genera composition,of which 7 families such as Compositae,Papilionaceaee etc,account for 40.49% of the total families.by seasons of the wild edible plants ingestion,harvesting in the Spring was the most owned 130 species,harvesting in the Summer owned 35 species,harvesting in the Autumn owned 48 species and harvesting in the Winter owned 10 species;based to the edible place tender leaves-type was the most,the species of this type is 128,the next is stems-type,roots-type,seeds-type,flowers-type which owned 44,15,15 and 12 species,respectively,to the habitats of plant,living in wayside and grassland were more,accounted for 35.48% and 23.23%,respectively.judged by its geographical elements,the family of tropical nature account for 27.78% of the total families,the family of temperate nature for 14.81%,the genera of world make up 18.30% of the total genera,the temperate distribution for 53.60%,the Special Chinese distribution is occupied 8.5%,doing simple introduction to,by the local people＇s wild edible plants use characteristic,that the local people usually cooking for meal,are the Allium macrostemon,Cryptotaenia japonica and Premna microphylla.According to the characteristics,reserves,exploitating and utilizating value,utilizing situation puts forward countermeasures on exploitation and utilization.Gaowangjie
出处
《中国林副特产》
2012年第6期80-85,共6页
Forest By-product and Speciality in China
基金
吉首大学创新研究项目
关键词
野菜资源
开发利用
特色野菜
湖南高望界自然保护区
Wild edible plants resources
Exploitation utilization
Specialty vegetables
Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve
