摘要
知识产权是通过法律对他人行为进行人为制约的一种特权,其权利边界的模糊性导致完全适用财产规则并非有效率;加上知识产权法又是竞争法体系中的一环,当因知识产权排他权的过度行使导致有损竞争的非效率性情形发生时,就有必要对知识产权的排他性进行限制。但现有限制知识产权排他性的方法无法应对侵权行为发生后的情形,因此事后通过限制知识产权人的停止侵害请求权就成为必要。在我国限制停止侵害请求权可采取以下思路,即由司法机关分别对个人利益之间的平衡以及个人利益与公共利益之间的平衡进行综合考量,并根据不同产业领域对排他性救济方式的不同诉求,灵活把握对知识产权人停止侵害请求权限制标准的严格程度。具体而言,在对是否限制知识产权人的停止侵害请求权进行考量时,应考虑当事人之间的关系、市场因素、原被告的具体情况、公共利益等。在知识产权侵权诉讼中,当法院否定停止侵害请求权的情况下,必要时以替代性补偿金对权利人进行补偿,法院可依据自由裁量判令几倍于正常许可费的补偿金。
Intellectual property is a privilege created by law in essence,which constrains physically free man's patterns of behavior.Consequently,the exercise of intellectual property should be more restricted by the public interests.The ambiguous scope of intellectual property causes a full application of property rules to be less efficient.What's more,intellectual property law is a part of competition law system,which requires restriction on intellectual property exclusiveness.However,the current methods of restrictions on intellectual property exclusiveness cannot cope with the situations after infringement.In that case,the restriction of claim for cessation of the infringement after infringement is quite essential.In China,we may adopt the following ideas of restriction on claim for cessation of the infringement.Namely,the court should comprehensively take into consideration the balance between different personal interests,as well as between personal interests and public interests.According to industrial areas' different appeals to exclusiveness relief,the court should flexibly grasp the various standards of restriction on claim for cessation of the infringement.Specifically,referring to whether to restrict claim for cessation of the infringement,the following factors should be taken into account,that is,the relationship between the parties,the elements of the market,the specific circumstances of the plaintiff and defendant,the public interests and so on.When the court denies claim for cessation of the infringement,the court may decide an alternative compensation several times higher than the normal licensing fee under its discretion.
出处
《法学家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期75-92,176,共18页
The Jurist
基金
国家留学基金资助
关键词
知识产权
权利限制
停止侵害请求权
排他性
Intellectual Property
Restriction on Rights
Claim for Cessation of the Infringement
Exclusiveness
