摘要
本文研究人称代词指称游移(错位)产生的认知与心理动因。本研究认为,人称代词指称游移的根本认知动因在于人类的识解能力。识解的一个基本特征是认知主体对认知对象的认识具有主观能动性,经由主观化而产生主观性。主观化体现为三个基本过程:说话人认识、说话人视角和说话人情感(移情)。说话人认识构成叙事视角的基础,叙事视角的改变是移情所致(心理动因)。叙事过程中,人称代词指称游移的过程充分反映出叙事者对事件、人物的主观认识和情感表达的需要与变化过程。本研究表明,移情等级与叙事人称的情感表达高度相关:第一人称>第二人称>第三人称。移情等级越高,越适合于表达积极情感;移情等级越低,越适合于表达负面或消极情感。本研究成果对叙事学研究有一定的启发意义。
The paper examines the cognitive and psychological motivation for the referential shift of personal pronouns. Findings show that construal plays a crucial role, in that subjectification in the process of construal gives speakers alternative configurations of the same event. The speaker＇s knowledge or scope of the event sets the perspective for narration of the event, and changes of the narrative perspective result from speakers ＇epistemic stance （empathy）. Referential shift in narration reflects the process of change in speakers＇eonstrual of the events to be narrated and the emotions involved. The study also demonstrates that the degree of empathy is highly correlated with the expression of emotions. The higher the empathy, the more appropriate for the expression of positive emotions or vice versa,which is significant for narratology study.
出处
《外国语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期27-35,共9页
Journal of Foreign Languages
关键词
主观化
移情
人称代词
指称游移
subjectification
empathy
personal pronouns
referential shift
