摘要
采用测土配方施肥技术与肥效定位监测相结合的研究方法,探究陇东黄土高原丘陵区氮、磷、钾不同配比对马铃薯经济产量的影响。结果表明:(1)不同施肥处理对马铃薯产量有显著影响。与无肥处理相比,氮磷、氮钾或磷钾配施的增产效果显著,其中氮肥对马铃薯的增产效果优于磷钾肥。当氮肥施用量较低时,磷肥或钾肥的增产效果不明显,体现了氮在肥料3要素中的重要性,磷肥和钾肥相比,磷肥的增产效果略优于钾肥。(2)马铃薯产量随着土壤速效氮磷钾含量的增加而增加,当土壤速效氮含量达到166.55mg/kg、速效磷含量达到48.82mg/kg、速效钾含量达到343.08mg/kg时,马铃薯相对产量达到最大值。依据相对产量分组建立马铃薯土壤速效氮磷钾养分含量丰缺指标。(3)基于肥料效应函数、最佳施肥量与相对产量回归方程,建立马铃薯推荐施肥指标,马铃薯相对产量小于50%的施肥方案为施纯N 187.14kg/hm2、P2O5137.42kg/hm2、K2O 117.48kg/hm2,相对产量介于50%到90%的施肥方案为施纯N 121.86～187.14kg/hm2、P2O558.22～137.42kg/hm2、K2O 55.32～117.48kg/hm2,相对产量大于90%的施肥方案为施纯N 121.86kg/hm2、P2O558.22kg/hm2、K2O 55.32kg/hm2。
By the methods of ＂3414＂ fertilizer experiment of potato in hilly Loess plateau in eastern Gansu,effects on economic yield of different ratios of application amounts of nitrogen,phosphate and potassium were studied.The results showed that,（i） different fertilizer levels had significant effect on the yield.Compared with the treatment of without fertilizer,two treatments of N,P and K application showed significant yield gain,And the effect of N was better than those of P and K.However,under the low level of N application,P or K did not show significant effect on the yield,which reflected the importance of N in the three fertility elements.Moreover,the yield gain effect of P was slightly higher than that on K.（ii） The relative yield of potato increased with the increasing of soil available N,P and K content,and the highest yield was obtained when the soil available N reached to 166.55 mg/kg,available P to 48.82 mg/kg and available K to 343.08 mg/kg.The relationship of the soil available N,P,K and the relative yield of the potato can be fitted with logarithmic function.Based on the function,the abundance and deficiency indices of soil nutrients were determined according to the relative yield grades of potato.（iii） Based on the fertilizer response function and the regression equations between the amount of optimum fertilizer and the relative yield,the index of potato fertilizer recommendation was established.The indices were classified into 6 grades according to relative yield.When the relative yield of potato was expected less than 50%,the fertilizer recommendation program should be with 187.14 kg/hm2 of N,137.42 kg/hm2 of P2O5,and 117.48 kg/hm2 of K2O.When the relative yield was expected between 50% to 90%,the fertilizer recommendation program should be with 121.86-187.14 kg/hm2 of N,58.22-137.42 kg/hm2 of P2O5,and 55.32-117.48 kg/hm2 of K2O.When the relative yield of potato was expected more than 90%,the fertilizer recommendation program should be with 121.86 kg/hm2 of N,58.22 kg/hm2 of P2O5,and 55.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期191-196,共6页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
中科院战略性先导专项子课题(XDA05050504)
关键词
马铃薯
配方施肥
陇东黄土丘陵区
Potato
Formula fertilization
Hilly loess plateau of eastern Gansu
