摘要
在直接言语行为的研究中,塞尔提出了充分完成指称的两个必要条件:存在原则和识别原则。通过类比间接言语行为的主要施事行为和次要施事行为,塞尔把我们指称一个对象时用专名、限定摹状词等所表征的说话者意向内容区别为主要方面和次要方面,认为只有主要方面才对表述的真值起作用。塞尔还引入可能世界的概念讨论说话者意向对象的存在问题,这有很大的积极意义;但他却没有充分关注语境的重要性,因而没有给出听话者如何正确辩认说话者的意向性的客观条件。
In the studies of direct speech act, Searle presented two necessary conditions for a fully consummated referring(distinguished from a successful reference), namely, the axiom of existence and the axiom of identification.He divided the speaker'scontent of intentions represented by a proper name or description into primary aspect and secondary aspect, only taking the primaryaspect as determining the truth-conditions of the statements.He also introduced the concept of possible world to discuss the questionof the speaker's intention, which is of great significance.But Searle did not pay enough attention to the importance of context, so hedid not provide the objective conditions for the listener to discern the speaker's intention correctly.
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第5期64-68,127,共5页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
关键词
指称
意向
言语行为
语境
Reference
Intentions
Speech act
Context
