摘要
民族为民主国家提供了身份认同的基础。多民族国家内的民族冲突,成为其民主化道路的重要障碍。不丹民主化过程中产生的民族分裂问题,就属于此例。不丹在实现政治民主化的同时,推行以民族同化与融合为目的的民族不丹化政策。1985年以后,这种不丹化政策由劝导变为强制。拒不接受被同化的不丹尼泊尔族,被迫离开不丹逃往尼泊尔沦为难民。不丹所面临的民族与民主困境,在多民族国家中普遍存在。不丹政府有必要借鉴其他国家的成功经验,尽快走出困境。
Nationality is the foundation of state identity. As such, conflicts be- tween different nations within a state present major obstacles for democratization. The separatist movement that emerged as Bhutan democratized is one such exam- ple. As Bhutan went through the process of its democratization, it promoted a na- tionalities policy with the objective of Bhutanese assimilation and integration. Af- ter 1985, the policy shifted from encouraging Bhutanization to making it mandato- ry. Nepalese not willing to accept assimilation were forced to escape from Bhutan and enter Nepal as refugees. The crisis of nationality and democracy faced by Bhutan is common in multi - nation states. Bhutan must consider successful exam- ples of handling this problem employed in other states, and move quickly to over- come this dilemma.
出处
《南亚研究》
CSSCI
2012年第3期87-98,共12页
South Asian Studies
关键词
多民族国家
民主
不丹
Multi - Nation State
Democracy
Bhutan
