摘要
2010年4月20日,Macondo油井井喷导致"深水地平线"钻井平台发生火灾爆炸,引起原油泄漏。以事故调查结论为基础,从固井、井涌监测、防喷器和点火源四个方面针对事故原因进行系统分析,揭示了各方面存在的危险因素;结合事故因果连锁理论和能量意外释放原理提出事故发展模型,直观地解释了井喷事故演变过程及分析各环节存在的问题;基于上述分析,从井喷预防和控制、消防系统和HSE风险管理三方面提出有助于预防类似事故再次发生的具体有效建议,可为提高国内海上钻井作业安全水平提供参考。
Deep Horizon rig happened a serious explosion incident with lots of oil discharged into the Gulf of Mexico on April 20,2010 because of the Macondo well's blowout.Based on the investigation results,the accident causes were analyzed systematically from cementing,kick detection,BOP and ignition sources aspects,and the existing hazardous factors were pointed out.An accident development model that interprets intuitively the process of the incident and relevant existing problems was developed according to the Accident Causation Sequence Theory and the Theory on Unexpected Release of Energy.Some effective recommendations on blowout prevention and control,fire fighting system and HSE system which could help to prevent a similar event happening were put forward.
出处
《钻采工艺》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第5期18-21,7,共4页
Drilling & Production Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51079159)"超强台风下大型导管架平台动力灾变模拟及损伤控制"
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(09CX05008A)"南海深水油气开采风险控制技术应用基础研究"
关键词
钻井平台
井喷爆炸
事故发展模型
预防措施
海上钻井
deep horizon,blowout,explosion,accident development model,prevention measures,offshore drilling
