摘要
应用形态学和组织学研究技术对西伯利亚鲟(Acipenser baerii)仔稚鱼发育进行了较详细的观察,通过外部形态变化和内部器官发育情况,对西伯利亚鲟仔稚鱼发育各阶段进行区分。在水温(18.0±1.0)℃,pH 7.0～7.5的条件下,初孵仔鱼平均全长(9.05±0.14)mm,出膜后7日内为早期仔鱼阶段,仔鱼以卵黄囊作为营养来源,视觉是主要的感觉功能;8日龄至22日龄为晚期仔鱼阶段,最显著的特点是卵黄囊已消失,仔鱼转为底栖生活,开始主动摄食,各鳍条及其支鳍软骨逐渐发育完善,视网膜、味蕾、嗅囊和壶腹等器官的分化基本完成;23日龄至57日龄为稚鱼期,主要从骨板开始生长到骨板形成,各器官发育完善,身体各部分比例、体形及体色基本上与成鱼一致为止。西伯利亚鲟主要感觉器官的发育特征与其他硬骨鱼类相比表现出一定的差异,这种差异性充分体现了西伯利亚鲟物种的古老性,在生物进化中占据着重要的地位。
Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii, one of the oldest extant cold-water fish species in the world, are of considerable research and economic value. We documented the postembryonic development of the Siberian stur- geon by monitoring morphological characteristics and cell types in retina, taste buds, olfactory sac, and ampullary organs in the larvae. The stages of postembryonic development were defined based on both the external morphol- ogy and the internal organ characteristics. Larvae were reared at a water temperature of （18.0~1.0）~C and a pH of 7.0-7.5. The newly hatched larvae （day 0） were （9.05＋0.14） mm long. During the early-stages of development （days 0-7）, the larvae were nurtured by a large yolk sac and the eye was the primary sense organ. The late-stage larvae （day 8-22） were characterized by the disappearance of the yolk sac and initiation of active feeding, the formation of fins and fin rays, a shift in habitat use towards the bottom of the water column, and the completion of organ differentiation. As larvae reached the juvenile stage （day 23-57）, the scutes begin to form, the organs tended to become fully developed, and the external morphology and body color pattern gradually matured into the adult pattern. We observed some differences in the development characteristics of the primary sensory organs in Sibe- rian sturgeon relative to other teleosts. Our observations suggest that Siberian sturgeon is an ancient species that occupy a unique position during the evolution of teleosts.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期790-798,共9页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201003055-07)
上海市科学技术委员会科研计划资助项目(073205109)
关键词
西伯利亚鲟
仔稚鱼
胚后发育
感觉器官
形态学
组织学
Acipenser baerii
larval and juvenile fish
post-embryonic development
sensory organs
morphology
histology
