摘要
目的分析和总结老年支气管哮喘的临床特点。方法分析我院内科经治的哮喘患者的临床资料,按年龄分为青壮年组(15～59岁)和老年组(≥60岁),并对两组的性别、吸烟情况、发病年龄、家族史和过敏史、病因和诱因、发作季节、临床表现、基础疾病(慢性病、合并症)、并发症等进行观察比较。结果 82例哮喘患者中老年组60例(73.2%),男45例,女15例,平均年龄71.8岁;其吸烟人数明显高于青壮年组,且男性显著高于女性。老年组的过敏史和家族史及秋季哮喘发病率与青壮年组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而老年组的病因和诱因及春、夏季哮喘发病率与青壮年组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者基础疾病及并发症比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组患者临床表现比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年哮喘患者吸烟率高,以感染、气候变化为主要诱因,基础疾病多,重症病例及并发症多,易发生心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭,且治疗敏感性低,死亡率高。
Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical features of bronchial asthma in elderly patients. Methods Clinical data of asthma patients treated in the department of internal medicine of our hospital were analyzed and were divided in- to young group （ 15 -59 years） and elderly group （/〉60 years） according to their age. Sex, smoking, onset age, family histo- ry and allergy history, causes and incentives, onset season, clinical features, basic diseases （ chronic diseases and complex diseases） and complications of the two groups were observed and compared. Results Of the 82 asthma patients, 60 cases （ 73.2% ） were in the elderly group, including 45 males and 15 females, with an average age of 71.8 years. The number of peo- ple who smoke in the elderly group was significantly more than that of the young group, and the males who smoke were significant- ly more than those of the females. The allergy history and family history and incidence of asthma in autumn in the elderly group showed no statistically significant differences compared with the young group （ P 〉 0.05 ） . The causes and incentives and inci- dence of asthma in spring and summer in the elderly group showed statistically significant differences compared with those of the young group （P 〈 O. 05） . The basic diseases and complications of the two groups also showed statistically significant differences （ P 〈 O. 05 ） . The clinical features of the two group showed no statistically significant difference （ P 〉 O. 05 ） . Conclusion In- centives of asthma were mainly infection and climate change in elderly asthma patients, who have high smoking rate, various bas- ic diseases and complications and more cases of serious conditions. The elderly asthma patients can easily suffer from heart failure and respiratory failure with low treatment sensitivity and high mortality rate.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第24期2803-2805,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
老年人
哮喘
临床特点
Aged
Asthma
Clinical features
