摘要
有不少人总是以"天下没有免费午餐"来质疑马克思对自由的承诺,这种质疑的依据来自现代经济学的两个基本判断:"资源有限"和"欲望无限"。其实,人类的欲望既是无限的,也是有限的。人们通常所说的"欲望无限"并不是物欲,而是精神方面的欲求。人的精神欲望的确是无限的,但人的物质欲望却是有限的。"物质欲望的有限性和精神欲望的无限性"这个命题,不仅是马克思对自由承诺的出发点,也是人类社会演进的真实的历史逻辑。这个命题,可以从经济的、生态的和劳动的维度得到证明。
People always doubt about Marx's promise of freedom with the proverb of 'there is no free lunch'.The foundation of such doubt comes from two basic judgments of modern economics:'limited resources' and 'infinite desires'.In fact,human desire is both unlimited and limited.The commonly perceived 'unlimited desires' is not material things,but the spiritual desire.The desire of the human spirit is indeed infinite,but the human desire for material is limited.The proposition of 'the limitation of material desires and the unlimitedness of spiritual desires' is not only the starting point of Marx's promise of freedom,but also the true historical logic of the evolution of human society.This proposition can be proved at the economic,ecological and labor dimension.
出处
《马克思主义研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第8期84-89,160,共6页
Studies on Marxism
