摘要
大陆法系关于民事扩张既判力客观范围的理论主要有五种:一是赋予审判理由以既判力。这种理论直接扩张了既判力的客观范围,但混淆了判决主文和审判理由之间的基本区别,增加了当事人的诉讼负担。二是赋予审判理由以争点效。这种理论不能有效防止当事人重复诉讼,且会增加当事人诉累,违背辩论主义的基本精神。三是依据诚信原则赋予审判理由以拘束力。这种理论的不足之处类似于争点效理论,另外还面临适用条件不明确的问题。四是通过扩张请求权来扩张既判力的客观范围。此种理论从动态的视角来看待请求,很难与传统的既判力客观范围理论兼容。五是通过引入默示的中间确认之诉来扩张既判力的客观范围。这种理论存在着产生前后矛盾判决的极大风险。比较分析上述五种理论,我国可以通过扩张判决主文内容、将与判决结论有直接因果关系的事实纳入判决主文的方式来解决民事既判力客观范围扩张的问题。
There are five main theories on how to widen the objectivity scope of of the res judieata in civil law countries ： The first theory is given binding to the reason of adjudicate. This theory widen directly the scope of objectivity of the res judieata, but it confuse the difference between adjudicate body and adjudicate reason, and it will increase the burden on the parties. The second theory is given is- sue preclusion to the reason of adjudicate. It can ＇ t effectively to prevent duplication of lawsuits and it will put extra pressure on tile parties. Meanwhile, it against the basic spirit the doctrine of debate. The third theory is given the binding to the reason of judgment ac- cording to the principle of good faith. It ＇ s disadvantages are similar with the theory of the issure preclusion, and the application condi- tions of it are not clearly defined. The fourth theory is extend the objectivity scope of the res judicata substantively through the widening of claim right. It is hard to combine with the traditional theory of res judicata; The fifth theory is extend the scope of objectivity of the res judicata through the introducing of implied intermediate action for confirmation. This theory is easily lead to contradictions between judgments. After Comparison of the above five theories, it is feasible to resolve the problem in china by widen the content of judgment body and written the facts which directly affect the judgment into judgment body.
出处
《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第4期37-42,共6页
Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences
基金
湖南省社科基金项目(编号:11YBA277)
湖南省高校哲学社会科学重点基地开放课题一般项目(编号:10fx06008)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
民事既判力
客观范围
审判理由
res judicata
scope of objectivity
reason of ajudicata
