摘要
为确定两种穗型冬小麦品种高产栽培的适宜行距配置,在大田试验条件下,研究了不同行距(10、15、20和25cm)种植方式下,多穗型品种豫麦49和大穗型品种兰考矮早八的旗叶光合特性。结果表明,两种穗型品种旗叶净光合速率(Pn)均随籽粒灌浆进程呈逐渐降低的趋势,花后0～14d,多穗型品种豫麦49旗叶Pn高于大穗型品种兰考矮早八,之后兰考矮早八优势趋于明显;两品种旗叶qP和Fv/Fo均于花后10d达最大值,之后逐渐下降;豫麦49的光截获(LI)在花后10d高于兰考矮早八,而在花后20d低于兰考矮早八。行距对两种穗型冬小麦品种光合特性、LI和产量有一定影响。随着行距的变大,豫麦49的Pn逐渐增加,而兰考矮早八则逐渐降低;豫麦49的Fv/Fo在花后0～10d随行距的增加而升高,之后以行距20cm最高,兰考矮早八则随行距增加呈先升后降趋势,但始终以15cm最高;豫麦49以行距20cm的qP值较大,而兰考矮早八以行距15cm最高;两穗型品种的LI均随行距增大而降低。籽粒产量则表现随行距增加呈先升后降的变化趋势,豫麦49和兰考矮早八分别以行距20和15cm的产量最高。因此,生产中不同穗型品种选择各自适宜的行距配置,有助于光能的吸收利用,促进光合物质向籽粒转移。
Row spacing is a main cultivation technique for many field crops.The conventional row spacing（20 cm） is used in wheat cultivation regardless of wheat cultivar with any spike-type.In order to examine the effects of row spacing on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves and yield of winter wheat with different spike types,field experiments were carried out on the farm of Henan Agricultural University during 2005-2007,using multi-spike winter wheat cultivar Yumai 49 and large-spike cultivar Lankao Aizao 8 as the materials.Four treatments of row spacing（10,15,20 and 25 cm） were used.The experiment was in a split plot design,in which cultivars corresponded to the main plots and row spacing as the subplots in completely randomized blocks with four replications.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves decreased gradually with the process of grain filling in two cultivar of Yumai 49 and Lankao Aizao 8,and that of Yumai 49 was higher during 0-14 days after anthesis（DAA） and lower after 14 DAA than that of Lankao Aizao 8.Photochemical quenching coefficient（qP） and Fv/Fo of two spike-type cultivars obtained the maximum at 10 DAA,and then decreased gradually.Light interception（LI） of Yumai 49 was higher than that of Lankao Aizao 8 at 10 DAA,but LI of Lankao Aizao 8 was higher than that of Yumai 49 at 20 DAA.Row spacing had an influence on photosynthetic characteristics,population light interception and yield.With increased row spacing,Pn increased in Yumai 49 and decreased in Lankao Aizao 8.Fv/Fo of Yumai 49 increased with the increase of row spacing during 0 to 10 days DAA,then became the maximum at 20 cm;and became the maximum at 15cm for Lankao Aizao 8;qP got the maximum at 20 cm for Yumai 49 and at 15 cm for Lankao Aizao 8;LI of two cultivars decreased with the increase of row spacing.All in all,photosynthetic characteristic and yield obtained the maximum at row spacing 20 cm for Yumai 49,and at 15 cm for Lankao Aizao 8.It was suggested that a suitable combination of wheat
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期494-499,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD02A07)
河南省重大科技攻关项目(0522010100)
关键词
冬小麦
穗型
行距配置
光合特性
产量
Winter wheat
Spike type
Row spacing
Photosynthetic characteristics
Yield
