摘要
作为天赋异禀的特殊群体,天才儿童早在汉代之前就已经出现;不过真正引起广泛的重视,则是迟至儒教确立的两汉之际才发生的。随着儒家童蒙教育趋于制度化,天才儿童们成为儒家思想的有力宣传者,以孝悌和笃学为中心的儒家品德,构成这些儿童事迹的主要内容,同时也进一步固定为后世的基本评价标准,长期以来儿童们需要依靠这些标准来确定自身的价值与声誉。天才儿童曲折地反映出时代的种种变化,从而构成了现实世界的某种镜像。其中最为引人注目的因素是儒教的影响。在儒教意识形态化的过程中,伴随着家族与社会的濡染,天才儿童成为现实儒家品行的载体。通过分析这些儿童形象的变迁与内涵,有助于更深刻地理解汉代儒家社会中童蒙教育的性质。
As special group in possession of unusual talent, child prodigies had emerged long before Han Dynasty in ancient China. However, these children didn＇t attract great attention until around the Christian era when Confucianism became the orthodox ideology. With Confucian education for chil- dren systematized, child prodigies who owned Confucian virtues centered on filial piety and fraternal duty and curiousness, also turned into powerful prop- agators of Confucian thoughts. These Confucian virtues became fixed evaluation criterion of later ages, and from then on they determined value and reputa- tion of every child prodigy.
Just like mirror image of present world, child prodigies reflected indirectly kinds of changes of ages. Hereinto the influence of Confuciusm is the most important factor. When Confuciusm was foxed as official ideology of Han Dynasty, accompanied with immersion of society and Confucian families, child prodigies became supporters of Confucian behaviors. By means of analyzing of variance and meaning of these child prodigies, it is helpful to apprehend characters of childhood education in Han Dynasty,
出处
《兰州学刊》
CSSCI
2012年第5期58-62,共5页
关键词
汉代
天才儿童
儒家
童蒙教育
han dynasty
child prodigies
confuciusm
childhood education
