摘要
在能力和资源理论视角下,服务业企业国际化的核心竞争优势形成过程未能被充分解释,本文针对这一不足,从知识基础论视角审视服务业企业的国际化成长,认为其具有知识整合的特性,并提出一个初步的理论分析框架。在这一框架中,本文分析了核心优势的形成过程,即人力资本通过组织学习产生协同效应,组织学习会影响到组织创新,进而促进服务业企业的国际化成长。同时指出,组织情境主要包括组织激励、组织氛围和市场导向,对核心优势的形成过程有约束作用。
The formation process of core competitive advantage of the service firms＇ internationalization has not been fully explained from the view of capacities and resources based theory. Reviewing of the course of the interna- tionalization business research through more than half a century, we can find that the rise of a research topic or the formation of some theory is built on a lot of business practices which have occurred. Due to the internationalization of the service firms lag behind the manufacturing internationalization, academics conduct some preliminary research on this field with the increase of the phenomenon in the 1990s. These previous studies showed that the motives and modes of the service firms growing to multinational companies have significant different from that of manufacturing enterprises, because ＂service＂ such special products are different from the tangible ones on physical properties, mode of production and delivery method. ＂Service＂ has the indivisibility and heterogeneity in production and consumption. So, to ensure the quality of service these firms rely more on tacit knowledge of employees in their provision of service products, which could create a good impression and reputation among customers. When the knowledge and skills contained by the employ- ees can produce value to the customer, and are difficult to be replaced and imitated by the competitors, human cap- ital will be able to be the source of accessing competitive advantage. Therefore, based on the capabilities and the resources theory, the characteristics of the human capital as a resource such as unique, valuable, and hard to be replaced, etc. will become the core source of competitive advantage which the service firms depend on in their in- ternational expansion. But studying the influence of the human capital from the perspective of the capabilities and resources, and taking it as a important productive resource mastering the knowledge and technology, can only ex- plain the initial source of competitive advantage in
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第4期59-66,共8页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"人力资本对知识密集型服务业企业国际化扩张的影响机制研究:知识基础论视角的阐释与实证"(71172060)
国家自然科学基金青年项目"创业导向
社会资本对服务业企业国际化扩张的影响机制研究"(70802026)
国家自然科学基金青年项目"企业家能力
企业家创业导向对天生全球化企业国际扩张行为特征的作用机制研究"(71102033)
关键词
服务业企业
国际化
知识整合
组织情境
service firms
internationalization
knowledge integration
organizational context
