摘要
语境主义认识论强调某种具体的地方性的社会背景。个人和共同体的背景信念等社会、历史和文化因素,通过影响处于地方性情境中从事科学实践的科学家及其共同体,最终影响知识的内容,形成地方性和语境性知识。语境主义正义观主张为了理解正义,需要在正义原则与其适用的情境之间建立某种系统化的关联,不顾具体情境而试图发现或创造一种根本性的适用原则是不可能的,正是分配情境本身才使得某种正义原则得以适用。沃尔泽的正义理论是以善为导向的而不是以人为导向的;他专注于特定的社会善对参与其分配的人的意义,并把它们与某种人的观念以及什么是他们的利益或福祉所在这一点更为直接的联系起来。
Contextualist epistemology emphases a specific local social background. Social, historical and cultural factors such as background beliefs of the individual and community, by affecting the scientists who are engaged in scientific practice in the local context and their communities, ultimately affect the contents of the knowledge, form the local and contextual knowledge. Contextualist conception of justice advocates that some kind of systematic association between the principles of justice and its applicable situations needed to be built to un- derstand justice, and regards that it is impossible to try to find out and set up a fundamental principle of applica- tion regardless of the specific situation. It is allocation situation itself that makes a principle of justice which can be applicable. Walzer's theory of justice is good-oriented rather than person-oriented. He focuses on the significance of a particular social good on those persons participating in assignment, and makes them more directly linked to some kind of person's thought as well as their interests or well-being.
出处
《吉林师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》
2012年第2期99-102,共4页
Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition
关键词
语境主义
认识论
正义
沃尔泽
contextualism
epistemology
j ustice
Walzer