摘要
目的分析脑性瘫痪的临床特征,以利于早期防治。方法对342例脑性瘫痪患儿(足月儿209例,早产儿133例)的高危因素、并发症、临床类型、影像学资料等进行回顾性分析。结果主要的高危因素依次为早产和低出生体质量,窒息、HIE(缺氧缺血性脑病)和黄疸。临床分型以痉挛型为主,其次是肌张力低下型、混合型和不随意运动型。痉挛型双瘫早产儿组高于足月儿组(χ2=41.845,P<0.05),肌张力低下型(χ2=18.655,P<0.05)和偏瘫型(χ2=9.290,P<0.05)足月儿组高于早产儿组。脑瘫患儿多合并智力低下、听视力障碍、癫等,足月儿与早产儿间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。84.21%有头颅影像学异常(CT/MRI),早产儿组脑室旁白质软化(PVL)较足月儿组高(χ2=69.957,P<0.05)。结论脑瘫患儿多有高危因素,并发症和影像学异常,早产儿与足月儿临床特征有明显不同。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of cerebral palsy（CP）. Methods The clinical data of 342 children with cerebral palsy（209 term infants and 133 preterm infants） were studied retrospectively,including the high risk factors,complications,clinical types and cranial neuroimaging characteristics. Results The main high risk factors were preterm delivery,low birth weight,asphyxia,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy（HIE） and pathologic jaundice.Spastic CP was the most common clinical type,next were hypotonic,mixed and ataxia CP.Spastic diplegia was more in preterm infants（χ~2=41.845,P0.05）.While spastic hypotonic（χ~2=18.655,P0.05）and spastic hemiplegia（χ~2=9.290,P0.05） were mainly seen in term infants.The main complications were mental retardation,hearing loss,visual impairment and epilepsy.There was no statistically significant difference between preterm infants and term infants（P0.05）.Cranial neuroimaging abnormalities（CT/MRI） were found in 85.09% of all the cases.The rate of periventricular leukomalacia（PVL） was higher in preterm infants than term infants（χ~2=69.957,P0.05）. Conclusion Most cases of cerebral palsy have high risk factors,complications and cranial neuroimaging abnormalities.There is significant difference in the clinical characteristics between term infants and preterm infants.
出处
《中国实用神经疾病杂志》
2012年第4期13-15,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases
关键词
脑性瘫痪
临床特征
早产儿
足月儿
Cerebral palsy
Clinical characteristics
Preterm infants
Term infants
