摘要
1996年中国《刑事诉讼法》修改后确立的"抗辩式"庭审制度,因被告方庭前取证难、阅卷难,导致审判时举证、质证能力不足。在这种情况下,若仅仅强调法官的消极、形式中立,难以使被告认同最终判决。故有必要赋予法官庭审时对被告的客观照料义务,不仅履行其对被告的消极尊重,尚需实现其对被告的积极照料。且法官对被告适当的客观照料,并不会导致其中立地位的丧失,反而能实现积极与实质中立。其客观照料义务体现在对人证进行补充询问,引出有利被告的证据信息;依职权或申请调取有利被告的新证据;并在特殊条件下,庭外保全、调取、核实有利被告的证据,从而确保控辩双方庭审时的实质平等。
The year 1996 saw the introduction of the adversary system into the criminal trial through modification of the Criminal Procedure Act of the People＇s Republic of China.However,given the difficulty in collecting evidence and accessing to case records,the accused often face problems in producing evidence and examining witness in court.Under such circumstances,excessive emphasis of the judge＇s being negative and neutral would lead to the defendant＇s denial in heart of the judgment.Therefore,it is necessary to require the judge to adequately care for the defendant＇s rights in the proceedings,not only taking a negative respective attitude but also actively attending to him/her.The judge＇s adequate and objective care for the defendant＇s rights will not result in loss of the judge＇s neutrality;rather,it will conduce to realizing affirmative and substantial neutrality.Adequate care and protection is expected in the aspects such as leave for re-examining the witness so as to collect evidence for the defendant,calling for new evidence on discretion or summons,taking security measures to preserve,remove or examine pro-defendant evidence,with which to ensure that the prosecution and the accused are substantially equal in court.
出处
《现代法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第1期176-185,共10页
Modern Law Science
关键词
刑事法官
刑事审判
被告
客观照料义务
criminal court judge
criminal adjudication
defendant
duty to care objectively
