摘要
随着全球气候变暖,北极地区的冰层逐渐融化,原本冰封的北极东北航道有了商业化通航的可能性,东北航道的使用权能否向国际社会开放成为普遍关注的问题。在东北航道的法律地位问题上,存在较大争议,俄罗斯主张东北航道通过的相关水域为俄罗斯内水,而依据《联合国海洋法公约》,相关水域宜被认定为领海或专属经济区;俄罗斯强调东北航道中的海峡为内海峡,美国则主张其是"用于国际航行的海峡"。本文认为其应为俄罗斯的领峡,包括中国在内的所有外国船舶享有无害通过的权利。
The global warming and arctic ice-melting make possible the commercial navigation across the otherwise frozen Northeast Passage of the Arctic Pole and draws wide attention to the question whether the access of the Northeast Passage can be open to the international society.The legal status of the Northeast Passage is largely contentious.Russia regards the waters of the Northeast route as Russia's internal waters,while the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea regards the waters as territorial sea or as exclusive economic zone.Russia views the strait in the Northeast route as internal strait,while the United States views it as the strait for international navigation.This essay holds the view that the strait is Russia's territorial strait,though all foreign vessels including China's enjoy the right of innocent passage.
出处
《国际展望》
2012年第1期97-113,118,共17页
Global Review
