摘要
采用分别保存于长期库及中期库的3个小麦地方品种的6份材料,进行了9项农艺性状及35个与农艺性状相关的微卫星标记检测,每份材料选取30个单株进行遗传多样性与遗传结构分析。结果表明:(1)更新前,3个小麦地方品种均为遗传异质性群体,在SSR位点上的异质度分别为57.14%、48.57%和5.71%。(2)在农艺性状表现上,只有温泉小麦3在株高和穗粒数上更新后比更新前显著增加,其他材料无显著差异。(3)在SSR位点多态性表现上,3个品种在更新后均发生了遗传多样性变化,8个与粒重、产量、生育期性状相关位点存在等位位点丢失现象,其中2个与粒重、生育期相关位点频率变化显著。(4)综合农艺性状调查与SSR分子标记检测结果发现,3个品种更新前后在多样性指数上无显著差异,遗传分化系数Gst分别为0.0269、0.0324和0.0380,即更新前后遗传差异分别为2.69%、3.24%和3.80%。上述结果建议,经繁殖更新的小麦种质资源能够比较完好地保持其遗传多样性和遗传结构。对于遗传异质性小麦地方品种在繁殖更新后存在遗传多样性丢失的危险,为了保证更新前后的遗传完整性,建议在繁殖更新过程中每个品种至少应保持300个单株的群体。
The purpose of this study was to reveal the change of population structure and genetic diversity of wheat germplasm in the process of regeneration and to provide a scientific basis for the collection and conservation of wheat germplasm resources,so as to conserve and utilize the resources more efficiently.Nine agronomic traits were investigated and 35 pairs of microsatellite markers associated with agronomic traits were used to analyze 6 accessions from three wheat varieties,each of the varieties was stored both in the long-term genebank and the mid-term genebank respectively.Population structure and genetic diversity within wheat accessions composed of 30 individual and between two types of conservation were analyzed by agronomic traits and SSR marker.It showed that（1） All of three wheat varieties was heterogeneity accession,genetic heterogeneity among individuals was different at the SSR locus with 57.14%,48.57% and 5.71% respectively.（2） The regeneration wheat accessions（mid-term genebank） displayed similar performance in morphological,only plant height and number of spikelets significantly increased in wenquanxiaomai3.（3） Allele gene frequencies was significantly different and allele absence was observed at eight microsatellite sites which was associated with grain weight,grain yield and heading date,genetic diversity reduced after regeneration.（4） The analysis of agronomic traits and molecular markers all showed that there was no significant different between the long-term genebank and the mid-term genebank in diversity.The Gst value of three varieties was 0.0269,0.0324 and 0.0380 respectively,only 2.69%,3.24% and 3.80% differences existed between accessions from the two types of conservation.It suggested that the danger of the loss of genetic integrity exists after regeneration,300 individual should be maintained at least to ensure the genetic integrity in regeneration.
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期57-65,共9页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家科技基础性工作专项(2006FY110700)
作物种质资源保护项目(NB-2130135-1-03)
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2011CB100401)
