摘要
COARE模型是国际上常用的计算海气热通量的算法,其风速适用范围可达20m/s,但未包含飞沫等高风速下的影响因子,将其直接扩展到20m/s以上风速的海况存在不合理性。本文提出了适合各种风速条件下的包含飞沫影响的海面动力粗糙度长度参数化方案,并利用该方案改进了COARE 3.0模型。利用南海浮标的观测数据,根据改进的COARE 3.0模型计算了海气热通量,分析了飞沫对海气热通量的影响。结果表明,在0～20m/s风速范围内,感热通量与潜热通量主要由海气温差和海气湿差决定,与波龄的相关性很小,飞沫对热通量无显著影响。当风速大于20m/s,感热通量和潜热通量与海气温差和海气湿差的相关性减小,与波龄的相关性增加,潜热通量与波龄呈现负相关。考虑飞沫的效应后,总热通量明显增加,飞沫所增加的感热通量平均可占界面感热通量的38.89%,飞沫所增加的潜热通量平均占界面潜热通量的39.19%。
The COARE model is the commonly used algorithm in the world for air-sea heat flux,which is believed to be applicable to wind speed up to 20 m/s.It is probably unreasonable to apply this model directly to the condition with wind speeds higher than 20 m/s,because of the absence of the impact of sea spray in the model,which always appear at sea surface under high wind speed.In the present paper,a parameterization of sea surface aerodynamic roughness has been proposed,which is applicable to various wind speeds with involvement of the impact of sea spray.The COARE 3.0 model has been improved by introducing the proposed roughness parameterization into the model,so that it could be applicable to the condition with wind speeds higher than 20 m/s.With the observational data obtained from buoys located in South China Sea,the improved COARE 3.0 model is applied to compute air-sea heat flux.The impact of sea spray on air-sea heat flux is investigated.It is indicated that the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are mainly determined by air-sea temperature difference and air-sea humidity difference,with very weak relevance to wave age,and the impact of sea spray on heat flux is trivial,for wind speeds of 0~20 m/s,while for wind speeds higher than 20 m/s,their relevance to air-sea temperature difference and air-sea humidity difference is decreasing and the relevance to wave age is increasing,and latent heat flux is correlated negatively with wave age.As the impact of sea spray is considered,the total heat flux is increased considerably,the sensible heat flux increase due to sea spray is averagely 38.89% of the interface sensible heat flux and the latent increase due to sea spray is averagely 39.19% of the interface latent heat flux.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期8-16,共9页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40830959
40921004)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC03B01)资助
关键词
COARE模型
飞沫
动力粗糙度长度
热通量
南海
COARE model
sea spray
sea surface aerodynamic roughness
air-sea heat flux
South China Sea
