摘要
对雄黄中不同形态砷的毒性及其毒性机制进行文献整理和分析。查阅了国内外有关文献28篇,进行归纳整理并分析汇总。首先介绍了其对肝、肾、膀胱、神经、皮肤、胎儿发育等的毒性损伤情况及损伤机制,砷在生物体内以无机砷和有机砷等不同形态存在,依形态不同毒性有较大差异:三价砷(AsⅢ)可引起肝细胞的凋亡和灶状坏死,五价砷(AsⅤ),五价甲基砷酸(MMAⅤ),五价二甲基砷酸(DMAⅤ)可引起肝细胞肿胀和灶状炎症。DMAⅤ的毒性较MMAⅤ大,若长期接触DMAⅤ和MMAⅤ可引起动物膀胱和皮肤组织肿瘤。MMAⅤ和DMAⅤ对调节神经丝蛋白基因的毒性较亚砷酸盐(iAsⅢ)和砷酸盐(iAsⅤ)强,能明显改变细胞骨架基因的表达水平。此外,iAsⅢ和MMAⅢ对人造血干细胞也能产生明显的毒性。这些总结将为系统探究雄黄不同形态砷与毒性的相关性提供基础。
The literatures on toxicity and mechanism of different forms of arsenic in realgar were collected and analyzed.Twenty-eight papers in journals home and abroad were consulted and classified.This paper introduces the toxicity and mechanisms of different forms of arsenic in realgar on the liver,kidneys,bladder,nerves,skin,fetal development and etc.The in vivo toxicity of different arsenic compounds is quite different depending on the exiting forms,inorganic arsenic and organic arsenic.AsⅢ can cause liver cells apoptosis and focal necrosis,AsⅤ,MMAⅤ and DMAⅤ can cause liver cells swelling and spotty inflammation.DMAⅤ is more toxic than MMAⅤ.When prolonged exposure to DMAⅤ and MMAⅤ presents,bladder cancer and skin cancer in animals can caused.MMAⅤ and DMAⅤ metabolites are more toxic than iAsⅢ and iAsV to the genes regulating the neurofilament proteins.In addition,iAsⅢ and MMAⅢ can produce significant toxicity to human hematopoietic stem cells.These reports will provide basis for exploring the relations of different forms of arsenic with toxicity.
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第24期243-247,共5页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81001692)
中国中医科学院自主选题项目(ZZ03046)
国家科技重大专项(2009ZX09301005)
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI55B02-03)
关键词
砷
化学形态
毒性
arsenic
chemical form
toxicity
