摘要
分裂主义的产生并不是偶然的,它是一系列条件和驱动因素推动的结果。分裂主义产生的前提既有原生因素,也有内外部的次生因素。具体包括地理环境封闭、文化差异、中央权威不足或衰落以及外部势力介入等四个前提。四个前提因素彼此不是孤立的,而是相互影响、相互作用。特别是群体聚居的地理环境封闭、少数群体与主体群体之间的文化差异以及中央权威的不足或衰落这三个内部因素的综合作用,是分裂主义产生的重要原因。而精英势力则是分裂主义产生的驱动因素,它结合分裂主义的四个前提,为了实现国内和国际的支持最大化,利用和操纵领土认同、共有认同和意识形态认同,最终推动分裂主义的产生、发展,乃至于走向国际化。无论是群体聚居的地理因素,群体异质性的文化因素,还是中央权威不足或衰落的政治因素,均不能成为鼓动分裂的合法理由。而对于发生了分裂主义或分裂主义处于萌芽过程中的政治实体,则必须针对推动分裂主义产生的四个前提做相应的工作。
Secessionism is the result of a series of conditions and motive factors.The preconditions,including both original factors and inner and external secondary factors,can be classified into the closed geographic environment,the cultural differences,the failure or decline of central authority,and the interference of external powers.These four factors are not isolated from each other;instead,there are interactions among them — the combination effect of the first three,which are all inner factors,is a very important reason of the emerging secessionism.Elite is also a motive factor of secessionism.It glues the four preconditions and manipulates the territorial,common and ideological identities to maximize its internal and external support and finally to promote the emergence,development and internationalization of secessionism.However,none of the four preconditions could be regarded as a justified reason to advocate secessionism,especially the external power interference.For political entities encountering secessionism or embryonic secessionism,they can take some measures to deal with the above mentioned four preconditions in order to contain secessionism.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第12期4-18,155,共15页
World Economics and Politics
基金
兰州大学"中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"的资助
关键词
分裂主义
产生
驱动因素
secessionism,emergence,motive factors
