摘要
目的探讨儿童口腔颌面部创伤的特点,指导治疗及预防。方法回顾性分析辽宁医学院第一附属医院口腔科2002—2007年的急诊各类儿童口腔颌面部损伤306例,从患者性别、致伤原因、损伤部位、治疗方法等方面进行分析研究,并结合0～15岁少年儿童生理心理特点对比加以分析,寻找规律。结果儿童口腔颌面损伤男女比例为1.5:1,好发于1～6岁,14岁以后有上升趋势。病因以玩耍跌倒损伤居第1位(67.65%),其次为自行车意外伤(20.59%)。口腔颌面部损伤部位以颏部(35.96%)、唇部(23.97%)及牙体(81.00%)好发。损伤类型以软组织伤为主,复合伤少见,下颌骨骨折是最常见的骨折(12.00%)。骨折治疗以闭合外固定等保守方式为主。结论儿童口腔颌面损伤与各年龄阶段儿童的生理心理特点有关,治疗应遵循颌面外科清创缝合的原则并结合儿童生理发育的特点,加强教育及其监护。
Objective To study features of children oral and maxillofacial trauma through retrospective investigating 306 clinical cases in order to provide guidance of treatments and precautions.Methods 306 cases of children oral and maxillofacial trauma were collected from our emergency department in the past consecutive 5 years.The factors to be analyzed combing children physiological and psychological characteristics included gender,causes of trauma,sites of injuries,and age distribution.Results The ratio between male and female was 1.5:1.The injuries occurred mostly in children from 1 to 6 years old.The incidence rate gradually rose in children older than 14 years old.The leading causes of children oral and maxillofacial trauma were drop injuries(67.65%) and bicycle accident(20.59%).The main injuries sites were lip(23.86%),chin(35.95%),and tooth(81.00%).The main type of trauma was soft tissue injuries and combined wound was rare.Conclusion The causes of children oral and maxillofacial trauma are complicated.The incidence rate is positively correlated with children physiological and psychological characteristics.The treatment shouls abide the debridement principles of maxillofacial surgery.Enhancing children's education and guardianship would be advantageous to prevent injuries occurrence.
出处
《中国实用口腔科杂志》
CAS
2008年第2期101-103,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology
关键词
口腔医学
儿童
口腔颌面损伤
dentistry,pediatric
maxillofacial injuries
