摘要
文章认为汉语"教/叫"字句发展为被动句,不是受事前移的结果,而是反身致使句发展的结果。表致使的"教/叫"字句"NP1+教/叫+NP2+V+NP3"中出现(包括隐含)了三个论元,如果"教/叫"前面的使动者NP1和后面的受事NP3之间存在反身关系,即当NP1和NP3是同一个对象,或者有领属关系,或者具有其他密切关系时,NP1的使动者的意味弱化,而其被动者的角色突显出来,经过重新分析,最终发展为被动句。这种演变萌芽于元代,发展于明末清初。这个假设在世界多种语言当中都可以找到佐证。
This article discusses the evolution of the jiao（教/叫） sentence from causative to passive. The source of the jiao passive sentence is the following： the sentence must have three arguments （implied）？NPI=（NP2→NP3）.In front of the jiao sentence, there is a clause containing a causee of jiao. That is to say, the causee before jiao and the patient after it have reflexive relations, i.e. NP1 and NP3 refer to the same object, or there is a close relationship between. Therefore the affectedness of the causee has been strengthened. And through re-analysis, the jiao sentences convert into passive ones. The change emerged in the Yuan Dynasty and fully developed in the late Ming or early Qing Dynasty. This change has a certain connection with the development of pre-modern Chinese special bei（被） sentences, and rang（让） sentences, and it has common withother languages in the process of causative sentences converting into passive sentences.
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第6期593-601,共9页
Linguistic Sciences
