摘要
用活体/离体幼胚培养法成功地获得了鹅观草(Roegneria kamooji,2n=12,SSHHYY)与大麦(Hordeum vulgare,2n=14,11)间的属间杂种。杂交结实率为31.4％,胚培成苗率60.9％。杂种表现一年生,具有很强的生活力,形态上偏向鹅观草。F_1自交不孕,用大麦回交亦不结实。杂种具有预期的2n=28(SHYI)条染色体,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均形成26.38个单价体,0.67个棒状二价体,0.12个环状二价体和0.02个三价体。本文对双亲染色体组间的同源性以及在大麦育种中利用鹅观草种质的可能性进行了讨论。
Intergeneric hybrid between Roegneno kamoji (2n = 42, SSHHYY) and Hordeum vulgare (2n = 14, Ⅱ) was successfully obtained using in vitro/in vivo embryo culture technique. Thirty-four percent florets set seeds and 60% embryos cultured developed into hybrid plants. The hybrid was annual and virgorous, and it was morphologically similar to its female parent. All hybrid plants were self-sterile and set no seeds when backcrossed with barley. The hybrid had expected chromosome numbers of 2n = 28 (SHYI) as expecred and a mean meiotic configuration of 26.381 +0.67Ⅱ + 0.12Ⅱ + 0.02Ⅲ per PMC. The genome affinity between the parents and the possibility of utilizing Rosgneria germplasm in barley breeding were discussed.
关键词
鹅观草
大麦
属间杂种
形态
遗传
Roegneria kamoji, Hordeum vulgare, Intergeneric hybrid, Morphology, Cytogenetics
