摘要
目的了解重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性,为临床合理用药提供可靠的理论依据。方法回顾性分析我院ICU住院患者送检标本中分离的病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性情况。结果 ICU中共有171例发生医院感染,院内感染率为28.4%,分离出致病菌253株,以G-杆菌为主。G-杆菌中鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率约为10%,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南和美洛培南的敏感率为100%.G+球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑烷的敏感率为100%.结论我院ICU医院感染病原菌以G-菌为主,鲍曼不动杆菌已成为ICU获得性下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,但金黄色葡萄球菌位居医院感染菌的首位,且病原菌对常用抗菌药物表现出严重耐药和多重耐药。要合理使用抗生素,加强病原学监测及环境消毒和手卫生,减少新的耐药菌株的出现。
Objective To know about the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit（ICU）,and provide theoretic basis for clinical rational use of antibiotics.Methods To retrospective analyze the pathogen drug resistance that isolated from the inpatient in the ICU of pingdu people＇s hospital in 2009.Results There were 171 nosocomial infection cases in ICU,the rate of nosocomial infection is 28.4%.Total 253 cases pathogenic bacteria were isolated,in which Gram-negative bacilli were primary.The drug resistance rate of acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone/sulbactam was about 10%,the sensitive rate of escherichia coli and pneumonia crayresearch bacteria to imipenem and meropenem was 100%,the sensitive rate of gram positive coccus to vancomycin and linezolid was 100%.Conclusion In ICU,Gram-negative bacilli was most of pathogenic bacteria,the infection rate of nonfermenters was rose,acinetobacter baumannii has become the main pathogenic bacteria which caused acquired lower respiratory infection.However staphylococcus aureus is still in the first place and it showed serious drug resistance and multiple resistance.In order to reduce new resistant strains,we should use antibiotics reasonably,strengthen etiology monitoring,environment disinfection and hand hygiene.
出处
《基层医学论坛》
2011年第31期981-983,共3页
The Medical Forum
关键词
重症监护病房
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Intensive care unit Nosocomial infection Pathogenic bacteria Drug resistance
