摘要
随着高端装备和产品的不断发展,对装备和产品制造的性能要求也越来越多和越来越高,涌现出一大批高性能指标要求的关键零部件,其加工已由以往的单纯几何形状和尺寸精度要求,跃升为以性能要求为主、性能与几何参数一体化的精密加工要求。这些高性能零件多呈精密复杂曲面、超高精度,以及材料超硬、超脆、超黏等难加工特征,其性能受几何、材料等多因素耦合作用,采用传统工艺进行精密加工制造十分困难,存在废品率高、加工效率低,特别是性能指标难以保证等难题。从高端制造装备业的需求出发,提出并阐明了高性能零件的特点、分类以及数字化可控去除加工方式的内涵,在此基础上指出了四类高性能零件精密加工所涉及的关键问题,并着重介绍了这些问题的研究现状、存在的难点和可行的解决方案,为面向高性能要求的性能与几何参数一体化的加工理论、方法和工艺技术体系的建立提供参考,以解决高性能零件的精密制造难题。
With the expansion of high-end equipments and products,performance tolerance standard of some equipments and products becomes more and more high.In this case,a large number of high performance parts come into being.The machining of these key parts has changed from pure geometric accuracy requirements to performance-geometry integrated precision machining requirements under the premise of taking performance requirements as a primary target.Such high performance parts often have complex surfaces and ultra-high machining accuracy,and consequently use difficult-to-cut materials with supper-hard,supper-brittle or supper-sticky characteristics.Due to the case that the part performance has complex coupled effect with many factors such as part geometry and material,it is rather difficult to manufacture with a high precision when using traditional machining processes,which often lead to high rejection rate,low machining efficiency and particularly out-of-tolerance part performance.For satisfying the requirement of manufacturing industry,a new digital machining way for high performance key parts is presented in this paper.The characteristics and classified system of high performance key parts are described.Then reasons of high product rejection rate using experiential method and connotations of positive digital machining of complex surfaces are subsequently expounded.Key issues and their research statuses,existing problems and solving measures of positive machining technologies are finally discussed in detail.It provides an effective reference and guidance for the establishment of performance-geometry integrated machining principle,method and process technologies,and then as a result to solve the issue of the precision manufacture of high performance parts.
出处
《中国工程科学》
2011年第10期47-57,共11页
Strategic Study of CAE
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2005CB724100
2011CB706800)
关键词
高性能
性能与几何参数一体化
精密加工
难加工材料
复杂曲面
high performance
function-geometry integration
precision machining
difficult-to-cut material
complex surface
