摘要
以新品种‘北冰红’、品系‘2001-1-135’和‘98-8-165’为试材,研究了株距0.5、0.75、1.0、1.5m,行距2.5、3.0m,不同株行距和架式组合试验对葡萄品质和产量的影响。结果表明:篱架株行距(0.5～0.75)m×2.5m和小棚架0.5m×3.0m,建园密度大,通风透光差,植株感霜霉病害较重,导致第2年植株萌芽率和坐果率低而大幅度减产。小棚架株行距1.0m×3.0m单株保留2个主蔓和1.5m×3.0m单株保留3个主蔓,分别需5a和6a进入盛果期,表现植株感染霜霉病轻、坐果率、果实含糖高、产量低。株行距0.75m×3.0m单株保留1个主蔓的小棚架,始花期早,4a生树可进入盛果期,表现产量最高,果实品质好,1.0m×2.5m单株保留2个主蔓的篱架产量较高,这2种架式和株行距表现试验当年和试验第2年稳产。通过试验结果确定,新品种‘北冰红’、品系‘2001-1-135’和‘98-8-165’建园适宜的株行距和架式是:0.75m×3.0m的小棚架和1.0m×2.5m的篱架。
Used‘Beibinghong’,‘2001-1-135’and‘98-8-165’as materials,studied the different planting way（plant space were 0.5m,0.75m,1.0m,1.5m;row space were 2.5m,3.0m）and different treillis that effect on the yield and quality of grape.The results indicated that the trees density of fence trellis with planting spacing of（0.5～0.75） m×2.5mand small scaffolding with planting spacing of 0.5m×3.0m was too large,ventilation and light penetration were bad,downy mildew disease occurred seriously,resulted in the great yield reduction on the second year as the rates of germination and fruit setting were lower.In small scaffolding,the tree reserved with 2main wines in spacing of 1m×3mand reserving 3main vines in spacing of 1.5m×3mreached high-yield period after 5years and 6year respectively,and had lightly downy mildew disease,higher fruit setting rate,higher sugar content,but low yield.The tree reserved with 1main wines in the small scaffolding spacing of 0.75m×3mhad earlier flowering date,and high-yield period at the forth years,and with the highest yield and better fruit quality,the tree reserved with 1 main wines in the fence trellis spacing of 1.0m×2.5mhad higher yield too,both of the two trellis form had stationary yield in the current year and the second year.Above all,the appropriate plant spacing were 0.75m×3min small scaffolding and 1.0m×2.5min fence trellis for the three varieties of Vitis amurensis Rupr.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第17期44-47,共4页
Northern Horticulture
基金
吉林省自然科学基金资助项目(20090257)
关键词
山葡萄
架式
株行距
品质
产量
Vitis amurensis Rupr.
trellis form
planting spacing
quality
yield
