摘要
目的：获得颞区解剖结构数据,分析颞区皮肤肿瘤活检和手术治疗的安全性.方法：经10%甲醛液固定的成人尸头标本5例10侧,行颞区层次解剖,观测耳前、后组血管神经的参数.结果：主要结构分布于颞浅筋膜层,耳前组由后向前为颞浅静脉、耳颞神经、颞浅动脉及面神经颞支,分别距耳屏（3.14±0.21）mm,（7.04±1.18） mm,（7.32±1.92） mm,（28.67±0.37） mm;面神经颞支最后侧在颧弓上缘处距耳屏（28.67±0.37）mm.耳后组由前向后依次为耳后动脉、枕小神经及耳后静脉,分别距耳廓后沟中部（6.55±0.23）mm,（40.41±1.37）mm,（41.18±1.57）mm.结论：颞区手术切口以耳尖为中心呈放射状,术后瘢痕最小;颞区活检或手术最易损伤面神经颞支,越近颧弓上缘越易损伤,其后果越严重;耳屏前28 mm范围内无面神经颞支,为手术相对安全区.
Objective：To obtain the data of the anatomic structure and analyze the safety of the skin tumors biopsy or operation at the temporal region. Methods：The anatomy of the temporal region was studied layer - by - layer and the main structural parameter was observed in 5 embalmed adult cadaveric heads. Re- sults：The main structure lay in the superficial temporal fascia. In the preauricular group, from back to front was the superficial temporal vein, the auriculotemporal nerve, the superficial temporal artery and the temporal bran- ches of facial nerve, （3.14 ±0.21 ） mm, （7.04 ± 1.18 ） mm, （7.32 ± 1.92） mm, （28.67 ±0.37） mm respectively from the tragus ; the most temporal distance of the temporal branch of facial nerve at the upper edge of zygomatic arch was （28.67 ± 0.37 ） mm and went 45 degrees up and forward from the tragus. In the posterior auricular group, from front to back was the posterior auricular artery, the lesser occipital nerve and the posterior auricular vein, （ 6.55 ±0.23 ） mm, （40.41±1.37） mm, （41.18 ±1.57） mm respectively from the middle of the posterior auricular sulcus. Conclusions： The radial incision at the center of auricular apex has minimal post- operative scar. The temporal branches of facial nerve are most likely injured as the skin tumor biopsy or opera- tion, the nearer it is to the upper edge of zygomatic arch, the easier to be injured and the more serious conse- quences it has. The skin tumor biopsy or operation is relatively safe without the temporal branch of facial nerve in the range of 28mm front from tragus.
出处
《解剖与临床》
2011年第4期271-273,共3页
Anatomy and Clinics
关键词
颞区
应用解剖
皮肤肿瘤
Temporal region
Applied anatomy
Skin neoplasin
