摘要
2009年5月对洱海及其流域内的海西海、茈碧湖和西湖3个小型湖泊进行底栖动物群落结构调查,以期阐明该流域湖泊底栖动物群落结构现状及其与水环境因子关系。结果表明:洱海底栖动物密度为1556ind·m-2,生物量8.9g·m-2。主要以摇蚊、霍甫水丝蚓和萝卜螺为密度优势种,相对丰度分别为43.5%、39.5%和8.6%;生物量优势种为刻纹蚬、萝卜螺和摇蚊。GIS插值显示,洱海北部密度最高,中部沿岸区生物量最高,南部密度和生物量均较低,Shannon多样性指数以湖岸区较高。其余3个湖泊以线虫、摇蚊科、颤蚓科和幽蚊科为主,其中以茈碧湖的密度和生物量最高(260.8ind·m-2和1.14g·m-2)。CCA分析表明:洱海底栖动物主要受水体TP和Ca2+浓度的影响,贡献率分别为34%和27%;西湖与洱海群落组成最相似,主要由水体中较高的TN含量引起。对比历史数据可知,洱海寡毛类和摇蚊科比例继续增加,表明湖泊有机污染进一步加重。
In May 2009,an investigation was conducted to understand the macrobenthos community structure and its relationships with water environmental factors in Erhai Lake and in three small lakes（Haixihai,Cibihu and Xihu） in Erhai watershed.In Erhai Lake,the mean density of macrobenthos was 1556 ind·m-2,and the biomass was 8.9 g·m-2.The macrobenthos community was dominated by Chironomus sp.,Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri,and Radix sp.,with the relative abundance being 43.5%,39.5%,and 8.6% respectively.The biomass was mainly contributed by Corbicula largillierti,Radix sp.,and Chironomus sp.The spatial distribution of macrobenthos community based on GIS interpolation showed that the density was the highest in the north region of Erhai Lake,the biomass was the highest in the littoral zone of the middle region,both the density and the biomass were relatively low in the south region,and the Shannon diversity index was higher in the littoral zone.In the three small lakes,the main taxa were Nematoda,Chironomidae,Tubificidae and Chaoboridae.Both the density and the biomass had the maximum values（260.8 ind·m-2 and 1.14 g·m-2,respectively） in Cibihu Lake.CCA analysis showed that the total phosphorous and Ca2＋ concentrations in water body had significant effects on the macrobenthos community,with the contribution rate being 34% and 27%,respectively.The Xihu Lake nearest to Erhai had the similar macrobenthos community type as Erhai Lake,mainly because of the relatively high total nitrogen concentration in the water.Compared with historical data,the proportions of Oligochaete and Chironomid in Erhai Lake continued to increase,which implied that the organic pollution in the Lake was further intensified.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第8期1696-1702,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07526-002-07)资助
关键词
大型底栖动物
空间分布
高原湖泊
洱海
群落相似
macrobenthos
spatial distribution
plateau lake
Erhai Lake
community similarity
