摘要
以贵州省普定县后寨河流域为例,采用基于落水洞的岩溶半分布式水文模型模拟了不同水平年在不同土地利用情景假设下的流域年、月径流量变化。结果表明,极端土地利用情景下各水平年在极端水田和极端林地情景下年总径流量明显减少,而极端裸岩使年总径流量增加相对不是很明显;对于相同的降雨条件,3种极端土地利用情景下模拟得到的流域年总径流量大小排列顺序为:裸岩>林地>水田;年总径流量在流域优化空间情景假设下较现状模拟值将减少,这主要是因为林地面积增加,裸岩面积减少;在极端情景假设和空间优化配置情景下土地利用变化对径流量的影响主要发生在夏、秋季节,对冬、春季影响较小;而且流域的水文响应敏感度都表现为:枯水年>平水年>丰水年。
Based on the technology of remote sensing and geographic information systems,a karst sinkhole-based semi-distributed hydrological model was applied to study the impacts of various land use scenarios on runoff and hydrological processes within different years in the Houzhai River Basin located in Puding County,Guizhou Province.The results show that compared with the original land use type,forest and paddy field reduce substantially the runoff and the bare rock scenario increases the runoff slightly but not significantly.The runoff discharge followed the order as bare rock forest land paddy field under the extreme scenarios.An optimal land use scenario was designed according to the characters of land use with differential terrains.The simulated runoff discharges under the optimal scenario decreased,comparing to the original land use scheme.It seemed that the optimal scenario improves the efficiency of water resource utilization.Under the scenarios of the extreme land use and the optimal land use,runoff discharges were affected by land use to a greater degree in summer and autumn and to a less degree in winter and spring.The karst hydrological processes response to land use strongly in dry years,moderately in normal years,and weakly in wet years.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期17-21,2,共5页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目"西南喀斯特流域水文变异性及生态水文过程耦合模拟研究"(40930635)
国家"973"基础研究计划"西南喀斯特山地土壤生态系统服务功能"(2006CB403208)
