摘要
目的:研究1 km自行车竞速赛加速度与踝关节肌肉力学特征之间的关系,更好地为自行车局部力量训练提供理论基础。方法:选择6名青少年自行车运动员进行1 km场地自行车竞速、等速运动、表面肌电图测试,对实验数据进行相关、主因素及回归分析等统计学处理。结果:1)作Friedman秩次分析不同角度下EPT、FPP、EAP、FAP、EDLM、GM及EDLM/EPT、GM/FPT差异显著(P<0.05),因子分析得2个主因素;2)AA1与1 km成绩,EPT,EAP、FAP及60°/s、90°/s下EDLM显著相关(P<0.05);3)以AA1为因变量经三步多元回归得到3个自变量,分别是EAP120°/s,EPT120°/s,EPT90°/s。结论:1)第1圈平均加速度与1 km成绩、踝关节伸屈肌EPT、EAP、FAP及60°/s、90°/s下伸肌iEMG高度相关;2)自行车运动员踝关节伸屈肌素质可以归纳至两个主要成分,第一是伸肌肌群的提拉作用,第二是伸屈肌肌群平均功率及相互协调作用;3)以踝关节周围肌肉群素质概括首圈加速度,90°/s、120°/s角速度模式下伸肌做功及力矩是重要决定指标,在自行车的训练中应该注重伸肌素质的训练。
Objective：The relationship between acceleration of 1 km cycling track and ankle kinetic character was analyzed in order to provide the scientific base for cycling strength training. Methods ： According to study design, 6 young highly trained cyclists performed 1 km time trial （TT） on a velodrome track, and their ankle joint strength and sEMG were tested respectively. Result： 1） There was significant difference between each angle of EPT, FPP, EAP, FAP, EDLM,GM,EDLM/EPT, GM/FPT with Friedman two-way Anova （P〈0. 05）, and two components were gained from principal factor analysis; 2）AA1 was high correlation with 1 km TT, EPT, EAP, FAP, EDLM60°/s, EDLM90°/s（P〈0.05） ; 3） Three independent variables （EAP120°/s, EPT120°/s, EPT90°/s） were gained from multiple stepwise regression analysis by regarding AA1 as a variable. Conclusions.. 1） 1st acceleration of 1 km cycling trace had high relationship with EPT, EAP, FAP and iEMG60°/s, iEMG90°/s of ankle joint extensor muscle; 2） Two Components of ankle joint muscle diathesis were found, the first was strain effect of ankle extensor muscle, the second was EAP of ankle muscle and the harmony of extensor and flexor muscle; 3） EPT and EAP of 90°/s, 120°/s angular velocity were important indexes to describe the 1st acceleration of 1 km cycling trace. The ankle joint extensor muscle training of cycling athletes should be paid more attention.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第7期49-54,共6页
China Sport Science
基金
苏州市体育局局管科研课题(AN106812)
关键词
场地自行车
加速度
等速运动
表面肌电图
track cycling
acceleration
isokinetic exercise
surface electrom yography
