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‘秀丽’蒲包花光周期反应特性的研究 被引量:1

Studies on the Characteristics of Response to Photoperiod in Calceolaria×herbeohybrida 'Dainty'
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摘要 采用迁光试验研究长日照植物蒲包花‘秀丽’的限界性诱导光周期,不同发育阶段对光周期的敏感性和光周期处理对盆花品质的影响,并推测了童期长度。连续短日照和经7d长日照后移至短日照的蒲包花,从处理到开花的天数显著长于长日照14~42d后移至短日照的处理,而14~42d长日照转移的处理之间差异不显著,表明14d的长日照处理足以促进蒲包花开花,其限界性诱导光周期在7~14d之间,长日照14d以后蒲包花的花芽发育对光周期不敏感。长日照7d后转到短日照,从处理到现蕾的天数减少而从现蕾到开花的天数增加,顶花芽败育,侧芽萌发开花,表明长日照7d促进了花芽分化,但此时花芽发育对光周期仍敏感。本试验条件下,生长至3对叶片时蒲包花已结束童期。长日照促进株高和主枝长度的增加,21d长日照后转移到短日照的处理,株高、主枝长度显著大于14d时转移的处理,开花整齐,盆花品质显著提高。长日照转到短日照时,地上部鲜质量、根鲜质量、总质量均随着迁光天数的延迟而下降;短日照转到长日照时则相反。9月上旬播种育苗,在3对叶片时开始长日照处理21d,蒲包花‘秀丽’可在1月上旬始花,保证春节上市。 The limited inductive photoperiod,photoperiod sensitivity at different developmental stages,and the effect of photoperiod on visual quality of potted plants were studied in the long-day plant Calceolaria×herbeohybrida Voss'Dainty'by transferring plants between short day and long day conditions.The length of juvenility was also studied.When plants were transferred from 7 long days to short day conditions,the days of flowering were significantly longer than those transferred from 14 to 42 long days.When transferred during 14 long days to 42 long days,plants flowered almost at the same days.These results indicated that flower bud development of'Dainty'may be insensitive to photoperiod under 14 long days,and that 7-14 long days may be the limited inductive photoperiod that is sufficient to promote flowering.When plants were transferred from 7 long days to short day conditions,days when buds become visible decreased and days from visible bud to flowering increased because apical bud aborted and lateral bud developed and flowered.These results indicated that 7 long days promoted flower initiation and that flower bud development was sensitive to photoperiod during this time period.Long days enhanced plant height,main stem length,flowering uniformity and visual quality of potted plants.When plants were transferred from long day to short day conditions,the later the plant were transferred,the heavier the upper ground part,the root,and the total plant were.The reverse results were observed when plants were transferred from short day to long day conditions.The juvenile stage ended when the plant had 3 pairs of leaves under experimental conditions.In practice,reasonable management of photoperiod can be employed to control flowering time with acceptable quality.If seeds of'Dainty'are sown in early September and treated with at least 21 long days at 3-leaf-pair stage,they can flower in early January to meet the market demand of Spring Festival.
出处 《园艺学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期1121-1128,共8页 Acta Horticulturae Sinica
关键词 蒲包花 限界性诱导光周期 光周期的敏感性 花芽发育 盆花品质 Calceolaria×herbeohybrida Voss limited inductive photoperiod photoperiod sensitivity flower development visual quality of potted plants
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