摘要
以5个玉米地方品种dp10、dp12、dp23、dp31和dp40为材料，采用盆栽试验，设置正常施氮和不施氮2种处理，研究低氮胁迫下玉米地方品种的苗期形态特征和光合特性变化。结果表明，低氮胁迫对玉米地方品种幼苗株高、可见叶数、总叶面积、根数、根体积、地上部干质量、地下部干质量、根冠比以及光合强度均有影响。不同玉米地方品种的耐氮胁迫性存在明显差异，品种dp40的耐氮胁迫能力相对较强，其株高、可见叶片数、总叶面积、根数、根体积、地上部干质量、地下部干质量、根冠比和光合强度的耐氮胁迫指数分别为0．95、o．84、0．43、0．86、0．74、0．55、0．87、0．91和0．49。不同玉米地方品种的同一形态性状和同一玉米地方品种的不同形态性状的耐氮胁迫指数存在差异，植株总叶面积、地上部干质量、根体积和净光合速率的耐氮胁迫指数较低，其耐氮胁迫指数在5个玉米品种中的变化范围分别为0．19～0．43、0．26～0．62、0．22～0．87和0．16～0．49，因此，可作为玉米地方品种耐低氮种质筛选的指标。此外，我国丰富的玉米地方种质为杂交种耐低氮特性的遗传改良奠定了物质基础。
Using pot culture with 5 maize landraces dp10,dp12,dp23,dp31 and dp40,their plant morphology and photosynthetical efficiency at seedling stage were investigated under low-N stress condition.The results showed that low-N stress had a negative influence on seedling morphology and photosynthetical efficiency to a degree.There existed differences among maize landracestolerant to low-N stress.The dp40 had a higher tolerance to low-N stress since its indexes tolerant to low-N stress of plant height.The number of visible leaves,leaf area,the number of roots,root volume,above-ground dry weight,root dry weight,root top ratio and photosynthetical efficiency were 0.95,0.84,0.43,0.86,0.74,0.55,0.87,0.91 and 0.49,respectively.There were differences in tolerance to low-N stress,both among the same traits of different maize landraces and different traits of a maize landrace.Based on the ranges of their indexes tolerant to low-N stress,leaf area（0.19-0.43）,above-ground dry weight（0.26-0.62）,root volume（0.22-0.87）,and photosynthetical efficiency（0.16-0.49） were found to be reliable indexes for identifying the germplasm tolerant to low-N stress.In addition,there is rich germplasm of maize landraces in China,which could be used to genetically improve corn hybrids tolerant to low-N stress.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期37-41,共5页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"863"计划(2009AA10AA030)
教育部科学技术重点项目(KJ091316)
重庆市教委科研项目(KJ091308)
关键词
玉米地方品种
低氮胁迫
形态特征
光合强度
Maize landraces
Low-N stress
Plant morphology
Photosynthetical efficiency
