摘要
经过几十年的高速发展,中国已成为世界制造业大国、农产品生产大国、出口大国和贸易大国,但现阶段居民消费水平还比较低、消费能力比较弱、消费结构有待优化升级,中国尚未成为世界消费大国。城乡居民消费支出持续增长,居民消费增长潜力和空间较大。中国扩大居民消费面临着经济高速增长、就业总量稳步增加、收入分配不合理日趋改善、社会保障建设稳步推进、消费金融服务更为便捷、城市化进程稳步推进、服务业大力发展、消费环境更加优越等许多有利条件和发展机遇。从生产大国向消费大国转变有其内在作用机制,制造业发达和大规模生产通过工人工资增加以及商品价格下降从而促进居民消费增长,这为日本经验所佐证。需要通过提高城乡居民收入、缩小收入差距、健全社会保障体系、加强基础设施建设和加快社会事业发展、加强金融服务、加快服务业发展等措施,积极推进中国从生产大国向消费大国转变。
With decades of speedy development,China has become a leading nation in manufacturing,agricultural producing,exporting and trading.At the same time,consumption level remains low,with consumption capability to be strengthened and consumption structure to be improved.China still keeps a distance from being a leading nation in consumption.Nevertheless,with the growing personal spending in rural and urban areas,greater potentiality can be seen in people's consumption growth.There are many advantages and opportunities favoring an increase in personal consumption: rapid economic growth,steady employment growth,income-distribution improvement and social-security development,more convenient consumer financial services,steady progress of urbanization,rapid development of service sector,more positive circumstances for consumption,etc.It is the intrinsic mechanism that determines the transition from a major manufacturing country to a major consuming one: to develop manufacturing of mass production so as to stimulate individual consumption by increasing wages and reducing commodity prices,which is proven as Japanese experience.China is to complete the transition from a major producer to a major consumer by increasing people's income,reducing income disparities,developing social security system,consolidating infrastructures,advancing social undertakings,improving financial services,developing service sector and so forth.
出处
《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第3期20-30,158-159,共11页
Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(08CJL007
10BJY080)
西南财经大学"211工程"三期建设项目
