摘要
随着科学研究的进步,检测仪器和技术的提高,传统规格试剂已经不能满足要求,为适应不同领域科研需要,陆续出现了光谱纯、色谱纯、农药残留级等不同规格的高纯有机溶剂。高纯有机溶剂具有极高的纯度、低紫外吸收、低酸碱度、低水分和低蒸发残渣的特点。常见的科研用高纯有机溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、乙腈、乙酸乙酯和正己烷等。国外高纯有机溶剂主要有光谱级、色谱级和农残级等,目前国产高纯有机溶剂质量不够稳定,且农残级试剂在国内基本为空白,导致绝大部分科研实验室采用进口试剂,既耗费大量科研经费,又在一定程度上限制了国内科研的步伐,实现高纯有机溶剂的自主研发与产业化非常必要且迫切。作为"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目《重要科研用试剂核心中间体研发与产业化应用示范(2009BAK61B02)》课题承担单位,根据课题运行中的文献调研,介绍了包括乙醇、乙酸乙酯及正己烷3种主要高纯有机溶剂的纯化工艺及其标准规范制定研究进展。
With the progress of scientific research and improvement of analytical instruments and techniques,there exists a gap that the traditional reagent cannot meet the requirements of specifications any more.To meet the needs of different areas of scientific research,different specifications of the high purity-grade organic solvents has appeared successively,such as spectra grade,chromatography grade and pesticide residue grade.High purity-grade organic solvents has the characteristics of high purity,low UV absorption,low pH value,low moisture content and low evaporation residue.The most used high purity organic solvents in scientific research area include methanol,ethanol,acetone,acetonitrile;ethyl acetate and n-hexane etc,whose market in China mostly are occupied by foreign company including Sigma,Merck and Fisher.While the home-made solvents provide by small plant mostly are not stable which directly affect the scientific result,even more,no reports were found about there were pesticide-residue grade solvents such as acetone,acetonitrile made domestically.The current reality is that most of the research laboratories relying on imported reagents,which not only takes lots of government funding,but also hinders the pace of domestic scientific research related.Now is time for China to develop the high-purity-solvent industry progress which can meet our own requirement.National Institute of Metrology（NIM）,as one of the undertakers of the project titled with the Research of Crucial Scientifically Solvents and the Common Key Techniques,funded by National science and technology support plan key project during 11th five-years plan（2009BAK61B02,MOST）.This paper summarized the updated standard specification of three main kinds of high purity of organic solvent including ethanol,ethyl acetate and n-hexane and the purification techniques related to.
出处
《化学试剂》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期385-392,共8页
Chemical Reagents
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目:重要科研用试剂核心中间体研发与产业化应用示范(2009BAK61B02)
关键词
高纯有机溶剂
标准规范
纯化
乙醇
乙酸乙酯
正己烷
high purity organic solvents
standard specification
purification
ethanol
ethyl acetate
n-hexane
