摘要
目的对2010年1-10月医院感染病例进行统计分析,研究发生医院感染的特点,以便采取控制措施。方法采取前瞻性和回顾性相结合的调查方法,将科室、感染部位、细菌分离状况等作为相关因素进行比较分析,特别关注了层流病房、急诊ICU和呼吸ICU病原菌的特点。结果医院感染的高发科室是层流病房、血液内科和呼吸重症监护病房,构成比分别为45.45%、13.18%和12.73%,排在前5位的医院感染依次是医院获得性肺炎、感染性发热、败血症、泌尿道感染和口腔感染,构成比分别为43.82%、11.98%、10.49%、7.87%和7.87%;引发医院感染的前5位的病原体构成比,依次是铜绿假单胞菌14.54%、鲍氏不动杆菌10.57%、酿脓链球菌8.81%、金黄色葡萄球菌7.49%、白色假丝酵母菌和大肠埃希菌均6.61%。结论解放军307医院以收治血液肿瘤患者为主,骨髓移植是其特点,层流病房、血液内科和重症监护病房是医院感染的高发科室,医院获得性肺炎、感染性发烧、败血症为医院感染的主要疾病;因此,如何加强感染患者的管理,特别是当患者出现粒细胞减少时,如何积极采取预防感染的措施是非常重要的。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics and patterns of 220 cases of hospital infections from Jan to Oct,2010,so as to take control measures for the hospital infection.METHODS The prospective and retrospective investigations were used in the study,the correlative factors including the department,the site of infection,bacterial isolates and other data were analyzed,especially compared to the characteristics of the pathogens in laminar flow unit,emergency ICU and respiratory ICU.RESULTS The incidence rates of nosocomial infection were high in Laminar flow unit,blood ward,intensive care unit,the constituent ratios,which were 45.45%,13.18% and 12.73%,respectively.The top five ratios of constituent in the sites of infection were nosocomial infection pneumonia 43.82%,infectious fever 11.98%,sepsis 10.49%,urinary tract infection 7.87%,upper respiratory tract infection and oral infection 7.87%,respectively.The top 5 pathogens causing nosocomial infections in turn were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Streptococcus viridans,Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans and E.coli;with the constituent ratios 14.54%,10.57%,8.81%,7.49% and 6.61%,respectively.CONCLUSION The patients of blood and cancer receiving and treatment objects are mainly in our hospital,presenting the characteristic of bone marrow transplantation,Therefore,Laminar flow unit,blood ward and intensive care unit are the departments with higher incidences of nosocomial infection.Hospital acquired pneumonia,infectious fever and sepsis listed in the top three diseases.To strengthen the management of the patients with infections and actively take effective measures to prevent nosocomial infection is very important,especially when the patients occurred agranulocytosis.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第10期1999-2001,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
相关因素
病原菌
Nosocomial infection
Correlative factor
Pathogenic bacteria
