摘要
假眼小绿叶蝉(Empoasca vitis Gothe)是茶园的主要害虫之一,茶园的捕食性蜘蛛(Araneae)是其最主要的天敌。为找到既可有效控制假眼小绿叶蝉又对捕食性蜘蛛影响较小的农药,采用田间药效试验的方法,研究了7种杀虫剂对茶园假眼小绿叶蝉和捕食性蜘蛛的影响。结果表明,对假眼小绿叶蝉防效由高到低依次为虫螨腈(Chlorfenapyr)、丁烯氟虫腈(Butene-fipronil)、噻虫嗪(Thiamethoxam)、吡蚜酮(Pymetrozine)、噻嗪酮(Buprofezin)、氧苦·内酯(Oxymatrine·lactone)和联苯菊酯(Bifenthrin);对蜘蛛的杀伤率由低到高依次为噻嗪酮、吡蚜酮、噻虫嗪、丁烯氟虫腈、氧苦·内酯、联苯菊酯和虫螨腈。其中噻嗪酮、吡蚜酮、噻虫嗪和丁烯氟虫腈对假眼小绿叶蝉的防效较高,药后7 d的防效均高于74.0%,而对蜘蛛的影响较小,药后10 d的杀伤率均低于24.9%。因此,噻嗪酮、吡蚜酮、噻虫嗪和丁烯氟虫腈4种农药适合在生态茶园中使用。
As is known, leafhopper （Empasca vitis） is the main pest whereas the predatory spiders are its key natural opponent in eco-environmental tea plantation. Thus, the major purpose of this paper is to find ideal pesticides for effective control of the leafhopper while less affecting the predatory. For the above said purpose, we have done detailed investigations of the effects of 7 insect pesticides for leafhopper （Empasca vitis）. At the same time, we have done an observatory on-spot research so as to protect the predatory spiders. The results show that the orders of controlling effect on the leafhopper from top to low can be shown as follows： chlorfenapyr, butene-fipronil, thiamethoxam, pymetrozine, buprofezin, oxymatrine·lactone and bifenthrin. On the other hand, the killing ratios for pesticides to kill spiders from low to top are respectively： buprofezin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, butene-fipronil, oxymatrine·lactone, bifenthrin and chlorfenapyr. Of all the seven pesticides, the chlorfenapyr has the highest anti-efficient on the leafhopper, but with the biggest killing rate of spider; bifenthrin has the lowest effect on leafhopper but higher killing rate on the spiders. As to the four pesticides, named buprofezin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam and butene-fipronil, have the better effect on the leafhopper with anti-effect more than 72% after being treated, but the killing ratio of these pesticides for spiders prove to be lower than 25% after it. In conclusion, buprofezin, pymetrozine, thiamethoxam and butene-fipronil are the best appropriate pesticides for controlling the leafhopper in keeping eco-environmental logical tea plantation.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期12-14,共3页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
青岛市农业科技攻关项目(08-2-1-14-nsh)
关键词
环境学
农药
假眼小绿叶蝉
捕食性蜘蛛
防效
杀伤率
environmentalology
pesticide
leafhopper
predatoryspiders
control effect
killing proportion
