摘要
目的探讨富拉尔基区(属黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市)老年性痴呆又称阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)的流行病学特点及分布规律。方法采用分层多级整群的抽样方法确定调查对象,调查采用筛查和临床诊断两阶段法,筛查阶段采用简易智能精神状态量表(MMSE)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)进行测验。临床诊断阶段根据病史、临床体格检查、神经心理测验作出评定,诊断采用DSM-和NINCDS-ADRDA的标准。结果 1调查的3698名≥60岁老年人中,查出老年性痴呆(AD)患者87人,老年性痴呆(AD)的患病率为2.4%,其中轻型占59.77%;中型占24.14%;重型占16.09%。;2AD患病率女为2.92%,男为1.83%,女性患病率高于男性,且男女比较差异有显著意义(χ2=4.79,P<0.05);3AD的患病率随着年龄的增加而升高,不同年龄段AD患病率趋势性检验(Z=7.90,P<0.01);4文化程度越低老年性痴呆的患病率越高,不同文化程度AD患病率趋势性检验(Z=-3.18,P<0.01);5农村AD患病率高于城市,但两者比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.77,P>0.05)。结论富拉尔基区老年性痴呆(AD)患病率与国内外有关老年性痴呆患病率的报道接近,其中轻型所占比率较大,其次为中型,最后为重型;女性的患病率高于男性;患病率随着年龄的升高增加;文化程度越低患病率越高,随着文化程度的增高,患病率明显下降。女性,增龄和低文化程度是老年性痴呆患病的危险因素。患病率城乡之间无显著差异。
Objective To discuss the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） in Fulaerji area which belongs to Qiqihar City of Helongjiang Province.Methods Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to determine the subjects.Investigation and clinical diagnosis were used as two-stage screening method.Mini Mental-mental State Examination（MMSE） and Activities of Daily Living（ADL） were used in screening stage to test.Clinical history,clinical examination and neuropsychological testing were used to assess in the diagnostic phase.Diagnosis was made by DSM-Ⅳ and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria.Results ①Among 3698 subjects of 60-year-old and over 60-year-old,87 subjects were identified Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） patients,and the prevalence rate was 2.4%,in which,the light accounted for 59.77%,the medium accounted for 24.14% and the severe accounted for 16.09%.②AD prevalence rate was 2.92% for women and 1.83% for men,that of the women was higher than the men,the difference showed significance（χ2=4.79,P〈0.05）.③AD prevalence rate increased as age increased,the rend test in different age stage：Z=7.90,P〈0.01.④ The lower the education level,the higher the AD prevalence rate,the prevalence of AD in different education level trend test：Z=-3.18,P〈0.01.Conclusion The prevalence rate of AD in Fulaerji District is close to the reported prevalence rat at home and abroad.The percentage of the light is the largest,that of the medium-sized is larger,and the severe small.The prevalence rat of female is higher than the male.The prevalence rat increases with age.The lower education level,the higher prevalence rats,and the prevalence rats significantly decrease with the rising of age.Female,increaseing age and education of low level are the risk factors of AD.The prevalence rats show no significant difference between urban and rural areas.
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2011年第3期278-280,共3页
China Journal of Health Psychology
