摘要
在传统剩余价值论的架构中,劳动与资本在价值创造中只存在零和关系。本文试图在劳动价值论的前提下,论证劳动与资本在价值创造中可能存在的正和关系。经历了有关资本主义劳动过程的长期争论,多数西方马克思主义者认为,发达资本主义经济中存在着工人技能升级的长期趋势。这一点为我们运用"成正比"理论奠定了经验的前提。劳动生产率与单位时间创造的价值量成正比的理论,在国内已有半个世纪的历史。本文进一步发展了这一理论,将其运用于分析以技术变革和劳动复杂程度提高为基础的价值形成过程,并据以论述了劳动与资本之间的正和关系得以实现的经济条件。这种在不同层面存在的正和关系构成了相对剩余价值规律的抵销因素。
In Marxian theory of surplus value, there could only exist zero-sum relations between capital and labor in the creation of value. This essay attempts to explain the possible plus-sum relations between capital and labor, without violating Marxian labor theory of value. For this purpose, two types of theories are introduced. The first is the theory of tacit knowledge and its application in the Marxist debate on capitalist labor process. The second is the Proportional Theory of Value Creation, which argues that labor productivity changes in proportion to the value product created in given length of time. The main body of this essay, investigates the value-creating process based upon technical change and the increase in the complexity of labor, and explains under what economic conditions the shop-floor workers＇ claim to surplus would be warranted. The existence of such plus-sum relations of capital and labor can be considered as counteracting factor of the law of relative surplus value.
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第4期15-25,共11页
Economic Research Journal
基金
2005年教育部新世纪优秀人材支持项目的资助
