摘要
20世纪60年代后期以来,西方的社会运动出现了一些新的特点。新社会运动理论认为,这是不同于工人运动的新社会运动,其新特点表现在身份政治、非组织化、非经济化、斗争对象非具体化等方面。而传统社会运动理论的学者则认为,这些特点在60年代之前的社会运动中也都不同程度地存在着。前者的观点从根本否定了马克思主义的工人运动的理论,而后者的观点则在一定程度上接受了工人运动的理论,并在此基础上承认现代社会运动的新特点。这表明,工人运动理论仍然能够在某种程度上解释现代社会运动,但是必须吸收新社会运动的理论成果。传统的历史唯物主义把社会简单地区分为经济基础和上层建筑,是无法正确地解释现代社会运动的。只有把现代社会运动置于公共领域,才能全面把握马克思主义关于社会运动的理论。
Since later 1960s, Western social movements have shown some new characteristics. According to new social movement theories, these new social movements are quite different from working- class movements. They have the characteristic of identity politics, non-organization, non-economic and non-identifiable opponent. Traditional social movement theories think that the social movements before 1960 have all these characteristics. The former theories substantially denies the theory of Ma- rx＇s working-class movement, while the later theories partially accept the theory of working-class movement, but also on this base acknowledge the new characteristics of new social movement. This shows that the theory of working-class movement could still interpret the modern social movements in some extent, but must absorb theoretical results of new social movement theories. Traditional historical materialism divides the society into superstructure and economic base simply, thus could not right- ly explain modern social movements. Actually, social movements belong to the public sphere.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第2期13-21,共9页
Academic Monthly
关键词
新社会运动理论
工人运动理论
社会运动
公共领域
new social movement theories, working-class movement theory, social movement, public sphere
