摘要
探讨额窦、鼻额管及毗邻部位的解剖关系。方法：选国人成人干颅骨２５例５０侧，将颅骨矢状正中锯开，用直尺、游标卡尺、量角器等测量工具测量。结果：在５０侧标本中额窦未发育占１４％，额窦矢状径（ｘ±ＳＤ）为１２．９６±７．３３ｍｍ，额骨的内侧板和眶上壁骨质厚度分别为１．１５±０．７７和１．０６±０．５９ｍｍ，鼻额管长为８．４５±４．３２ｍｍ，鼻额管开口直径为５．２９±１．９ｍｍ，开口位置５０％于额隐窝，３０％于筛漏斗附近或筛漏斗内，４％于筛顶，２％在同侧上颌窦顶。额窦口距筛前动脉管为３．４±２．８３ｍｍ。结论：额窦于２岁后渐发育，也可终身不发育。国人额窦矢状径较西方人明显减少约４ｍｍ，为东方人比西方人较少合并额窦炎并发症的原因之一。额骨内侧板和眶上壁的骨质菲薄也为毗邻部位合并症发生的原因。鼻额管的狭长、开口的位置可导致额窦炎及并发症发生率的升高。筛前动脉于额窦口的后壁，此处可为术中标志。
Abstract Objective:To study the frontal sinus (FS),nasal frontal duct (NFD) and the anatomic
relationship to their adjacent structures.Methods:50 cranial skeletons of Chinese adults were
cut sagittally along their midlines.Some indexes were measured by ruler,vernier,caliper and
protractor.Results:Undeveloped frontal sinus was 14%,the sagittal distance of FS was
1296733mm ( x SD),the thickness of medial plate of FS was 115077mm,and the supraorbital
wall was 106059mm.The length of NFD was 845432mm,the opening diameter of NFD was
52919mm.50% of NFD led to frontal recess,30% to infundibulum,4% to the top of ethmoid,and 2%
to the top of ipsilateral maxillary respectively.The distance between the ostium of FS and
anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) was 34283mm.Conclusion:FS begins to develop from the age of
2.But it may remain undevloped in life.The sagittal distance of Chinese FS is about 4mm less
than that of Westerner and may be one of the reasons why frontal sinusitis of Easterner is less.
The thin medial plate of FS and supraorbital wall are also one the reasons of
complications.Endoscopic sinus surgey would benefit from good understanding of NFD,AEA and
their adjacent structures.\=
出处
《耳鼻咽喉（头颈外科）》
1999年第3期176-179,共4页
Chinese Arch Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surg
