摘要
目的以中小学教师为例初步构建脑力劳动紧张效应评价体系,为紧张效应机制和脑力劳动人群干预措施研究提供方法学平台。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取851名中小学教师,应用ISTA6.0、生活事件量表测定紧张因素,应用工作紧张反应问卷(JSS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)问卷、总体幸福感量表(GWB)测试工作和心理紧张反应,进行血糖、血脂、血清皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、神经行为功能测试反应生理紧张反应,利用综合性工作能力指数(CWAI)量表测试工作能力,然后利用数学模型构建脑力劳动者紧张效应评价体系,并利用单纯随机抽样方法抽取400名环境保护工作者进行交互效度验证。结果模型拟合较好(RMSEA=0.100,GFI=0.93,NNFI=1.00,CFI=1.00),符合理论,反映工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、生理紧张反应、工作能力的指标负荷较高。同时4个维度的紧张反应又可很好地拟合二阶因子(紧张效应)。生理紧张反应与工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、工作能力下降呈负相关(P<0.05),而工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、工作能力下降之间呈正相关(P<0.05)。社会支持对于工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、生理紧张反应以及工作能力的降低是保护性因素(γs分别为-0.55、-0.77、0.73、-0.79,P<0.05),而工作紧张因素、社会生活紧张因素以及危险性个体特性为工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、生理紧张反应增加以及工作能力降低的危险因素(P<0.05),利用环境保护工作者人群也进一步验证了该模型。结论从工作紧张反应、心理紧张反应、生理紧张反应、工作能力4个维度衡量脑力劳动者紧张效应符合理论,并且4个维度相互影响,但又相互区别,工作社会生活紧张因素不同程度影响着紧张效应。该评价模型可初步作为脑力劳动人群职业紧张评价的方法学依据。
Objective To use primary and middle schools teacher as samples to preliminarily build the mental work stress effect evaluation system,providing the methological platform for the research on the stress effect mechanism and mental workers interference measures.Methods 851 teachers in primary and middle schools were selected with randomly stratified cluster methods.Use ISTA 6.0 and Life Events Evaluation Table to measure the stress factors,and use Work Tension Reaction Questionnaire,Symptom Self-Evaluation Table Questionnaire,and General Happiness Sensing Table to measure psychological stress reaction,blood sugar and blood fat,blood cortical,ACTH,nerve behavior function,for measuring physiological stress reaction.The Comprehensive Working Ability Index Table to measure working ability.And then use the mathematical model to build the mental workers stress effect evaluation system.And apply the simple random sampling method to select 400 environmental protection workers to perform cross effect validation.Results The model fits relatively well（RMSEA=0.100,GFI=0.93,NNFI=1.00,CFI=1.00） and conforms with the theory,reflecting the loads of the indice,such as,working stress reaction,psychological stress reaction,physiological stress reaction and working ability,are relatively high.At the same time,the stress reaction of those 4 dimensions can fit the 2-grade factor（stress effect） very well.The physiological stress reaction is negatively correlated（P0.05） with the working stress reaction,psychological stress reaction,working ability decrease,while is positively correlated（P0.05） with the working stress,psychological stress reaction,physiological stress reaction and working ability decrease.The social support is the protection factor for working stress,psychological stress reaction,physiological stress reaction and working ability decrease（γsare -0.55,-0.77,0.73,-0.79,respectively,P0.05）.While working stress factors,social life stress factors and dangerous individual characters are the risk factors（P0.0
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期557-561,共5页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No30833906)
新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅青年科研启动基金(NoXJEDU009S50)
新疆维吾尔自治区卫生厅青年科研启动基金(No007Y05)
