摘要
模拟大麻哈鱼幼鱼降海洄游水域环境盐度,设0(淡水对照)、5、10、15、20共5个盐度组,以体质量(26.57±6.32)g、全长(14.44±1.05)cm幼鱼分别进行130 d饲养试验,通过血液生化指标分析及肝组织观察,研究了大麻哈鱼降海期对不同盐度适应过程的生理变化.结果表明:血清渗透压和血清Na+、Cl-变化趋势与水体盐度变化基本一致.高盐度(15、20)组血清Na+、Cl-、Mg2+含量与低盐度(5)组和淡水组差异显著;各盐度处理组血清K+含量均显著低于淡水组.盐度10组的血糖浓度显著高于盐度5和20组;各盐度处理组总胆汁酸与淡水组差异显著;幼鱼血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)含量随盐度的升高总体呈下降趋势,其中淡水组TP和GLB含量显著高于盐度15和20组.淡水组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)与高盐度组差异显著.低盐度(盐度0、5)下试验幼鱼肝细胞有部分破裂现象,肝组织空泡化严重.各组试验鱼生长和成活率无明显差异,生理生化指标显示大麻哈鱼幼鱼降海期适应盐度以10～20为宜.
In order to simulate the catadromous migration environment of the juvenile salmon（Oncorhynchus keta）,five experimental groups containing different salinities（0,5,10,15 and 20） were set up.The juvenile salmons with average body mass of（26.57±6.32） g and average full length of（14.44±1.05） cm were cultured for 130 days,and then the haematological biochemistrical indices was analyzed and the structure of liver tissue was observed to investigate the changes in physiological indices during the catadromous migration of juvenile salmon. The results showed that serum osmolality and the concentration of Na＋,Clillustrated the same tendency with water salinity variation.Specifically,the serum Na＋,Cl-and Mg2＋ levels in the salinities of 15,20 were significantly different from those in the salinity 5 and the freshwater and serum K＋ in different salinities were all obviously lower than that in the freshwater.Also,the blood glucose level in salinity 10 was significantly higher than that in salinity 5 and 20,whereas total serum protein（TP）,albumin（ALB） and globulin（GLB） levels all declined with the increase of salinity and the serum TP and GLB content in the freshwater group was remarkably higher than those in the salinity 15 and 20.There also existed an obvious discrepancy on total bile acids in freshwater group and the other salinity groups.The alanine aminotransferase（ALT） activity and aspartate aminotransferase（AST） activity in fresh water group were far different from those of the high salinity groups.Furthermore,in the low salinities（0 and 5）,the liver cells of juvenile chum salmon partly broke down,and liver tissue was serious vacuolization.Collectively,the growth and survival rate had no significant difference in all groups and according to the physiological and biochemical indices,the appropriated salinity for juvenile chum salmon ranged from 10 to 20 during the catadromous migration.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期2411-2417,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
黑龙江省国际合作项目(WB06B16)
黑龙江省科技计划项目(GA06B203-3)资助
关键词
大麻哈鱼
盐度
生化指标
肝组织
chum salmon
salinity
biochemical indices
liver tissue.
