摘要
目的评价麻苗查漏补种与强化免疫干预对儿童和成人麻疹的控制效果。方法比较麻苗查漏补种与强化免疫干预措施前后,儿童和成人麻疹发病率的变化,对干预效果进行评价。结果 5年期间累计麻疹发病数为729例,成人发病数占累计发病数的56.10%;未到麻苗初种年龄的<8个月龄儿童麻疹发病数占5岁以下年龄组病例数的27.69%。2006-2009年累计对儿童麻苗查漏补种和强化免疫共60 189人,儿童麻疹发病率从干预初期的2006年196.66/10万,下降至2009年的8.55/10万(P<0.01)。2005-2009年累计对成人进行麻苗强化免疫干预共697 054人,成人麻疹发病率从干预初期的2005年的13.15/10万下降至2009年的1.57/10万(P<0.01)。在未对富士康高危险人群采取干预措施的2005年,职工的麻疹发病率高达50.55/10万;当连续4年对新招聘员工开展麻苗强化免疫干预措施后,至2009年麻疹发病率降至2.61/10万,发病率下降了94.84%(P<0.01)。2009年对儿童采取由麻苗查漏补种干预改变为扩大年龄组强化免疫干预后,麻疹发病率由2008年的111.22/10万,下降至2009年的8.55/10万,降幅高达92.31%。采取干预措施前,麻疹发病呈夏季高发,干预后夏季发病高峰消除。结论儿童扩大麻苗强化免疫干预优于查漏补种干预效果;麻苗强化免疫干预是大幅度降低移民城市儿童和成人麻疹发病率的重要措施;持续开展儿童扩大麻苗强化免疫干预和对重点成人麻苗强化免疫干预是达到2012年中国消除麻疹目标的关键策略。
Objective To evaluate the control effects of intervention for supplemental immunization activities and immunization enhancement activities of measles vaccination among children and adults. Methods The changes of incidence and effect of interference for measles in children and adults before and after intervention for supplemental immunization activities and immunization enhancement activities of measles vaccination were evaluated. Results Of 729 cases of measles reported,56.10% of the cases were adults.The measles cases of babies aged less than 8 months who did not reach the age of primary measles vaccination accounted for 27.69% in the measles cases of children aged under 5 years. Totally 60,189 children vaccinated vaccine of measles during supplemental immunization activities and immunization enhancement activities of measles vaccination during the period of 2006～2009.The incidence of measles dropped from 196.66 per 100,000 children in 2006 to 8.55 per 100,000 children in 2009（P 0.01）.Totally 697,054 adults vaccinated vaccine of measles during immunization enhancement activities of measles vaccination from 2005 to 2009.The incidence of measles dropped from 13.15 per 100,000 adults in 2005 to 1.57 per 100,000 adults in 2009（P0.01）.The incidence of measles among staff members of Foxconn was 50.55 per 100,000 persons during a lack of intervention for measles vaccination in 2005.After carrying out immunization enhancement activities of measles vaccination among new employees of Foxconn on four successive years,the incidence of measles was 2.61 per 100,000 persons in 2009,and the incidence of measles among new employees of Foxconn was decreased by 94.84%（P0.01）.After carrying out immunization enhancement activities of measles among the children in each age group,the incidence of measles among the children dropped from 111.22/100,000 in 2008 to 8.55/100,000 in 2009,with a decline of 92.31%.The high peak of measles incidence in summer was eliminated after adopting the intervention measures. Conclusions Th
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2010年第9期1761-1766,共6页
Practical Preventive Medicine
关键词
麻疹控制
麻苗查漏补种
麻苗强化免疫
干预研究
Measles control
Supplementary immunization of MV
Immunization enhancement activities of MV
Intervention study
