摘要
采用机制法对光、温、水、土逐级衰减,计算黑龙江省黑土区各市县玉米、水稻、大豆的气候-土壤生产潜力,在此基础上,利用因子-能量评价法测算并分析了三种作物的农业资源利用率。在光温生产潜力层次上,水稻利用率最高,为40.6%,其次是大豆31.4%,玉米27.7%。对于水稻还可以有59.4%的光热资源可以转化为产量,而大豆,玉米则更多,分别为68.6%和72.3%;在气候生产潜力层次上,大豆利用率最高;在气候-土壤生产潜力层次上,水稻的利用率最高。对于不同种作物来讲,黑土区农业资源利用率存在差异。三大主要作物光合、光温资源的利用率较低,还有较大潜力可以挖掘。但水分、土壤资源的利用率已较高,只能将其余小部分未利用的有限资源转化为产量,因此要提高产量,水分和土壤质量是主要的自然限制性因子,资源利用效率的提高有待于从水、肥两方面着手进行不断完善。
Using the mechanism methodology,climatic-soil potential productivity of corn,rice and soybean was computed according to the factors such as radiation,temperature,precipitation,and soil in each county.At photosynthesis-temperature,the utilization of rice is the highest,40.6%,and the next is separately soybean 31.4% and corn 27.7%.There is still 59.4% of photosynthesis-temperature resources can be transformated into rice production,while there is even more of those for soybean and corn production,separately 68.6% and 72.3%.At climate,the utilization of soybean is the hignest.At climate and soil,the utilization of rice is the hingest.For different crops,the same natural resources have different satisfaction on plant.The utility rate of photosynthesis,photosynthesis-temperature is not high enough,and there is still climate-soil potential for the productivities of the main crops.Water and soil were probably the main limiting factors.So there is still big potential to tap,and the resource utilization awaits the improvement of of these two aspects in agricultural production process.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期185-189,217,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
东北农业大学创新团队项目(CST003-3-2)
中国气象局重点支持省所科研项目(CMATG2007s06)
关键词
黑龙江省黑土区
气候-土壤生产潜力
农业资源利用率
Heilongjiang Province
climatic-soil potential productivity
agricultural resource utilization
