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滇池流域点源污染控制与存在问题解析 被引量:48

Point source pollution control and problem in Lake Dianchi basin
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摘要 滇池是我国著名的高原淡水湖泊,是国家"三河三湖"治理重点之一.对2007年滇池流域点源污染现状和近20年变化趋势进行了分析,并在此基础上解析了滇池流域点源污染存在问题.结果表明,2007年滇池流域点污染源COD、TN和TP产生量分别为55913t、11222t和1008t,生活污水为主要的点污染源,COD、TN、TP所占比例分别达89%、96%、98%;1988-2007年,流域点源污染负荷产生量持续增长,但由于1991年以来污水处理能力的大幅度提升,其后点源污染负荷总体上呈现下降的趋势,尤以COD和TP下降趋势最为明显,TN保持波动状态.滇池点源污染存在四方面问题,一是未来城市的扩张和人口的持续增长,势必给滇池水环境带来巨大压力;二是老城区合流制排水系统无法改变、新城区雨污管网混接、部分污水处理厂河道取水,导致雨季合流污水溢流污染问题长期存在;三是局部区域污水产生量与污水处理厂处理能力不匹配,且污水处理厂雨季处理能力不足;四是点源污染末端处理已不能满足滇池保护的要求,亟待加大污染全过程控制. Lake Dianchi is a famous plateau freshwater lake in China,and has been included in the national "The Three Rivers and Three Lakes" treatment project since "the 9th Five-Year Plan".In this study,the point source pollution of 2007 and change tendency in the last 20 years in the Lake Dianchi basin were studied on the analysis of the point source pollution problem.The results indicated that COD,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus discharged of point source from the whole basin in 2007 were 55913t,11222t and 1008t,respectively.COD,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus from domestic sewage contributed 89%,96% and 98% to each total pollution load,respectively.From 1988 to 2007,the point source pollution load yielded in Lake Dianchi basin sustained an increasing trend.However,the final pollution load discharged into the lake decreased,especially the COD and total phosphorus,for the drastic enhancement of ability of sewage treatment.Point source pollution in Lake Dianchi basin can be attributed to four problems:first,city expansion and population growth will put great pressure on the water environment of Lake Dianchi basin;second,the combined drainage system of the old city region,misconnection of rain sewers and sewage sewers of the new city region,and the pumping of river water to treat of sewage treatment plants result in the pollution of combined waste water overflowing which existed for a long time;third,the sewage treatment ability does not match the yield of sewage in some areas,especially during the rainy season,the inability of sewage treatment was an outstanding problem;fourth,terminal treatment of point source pollution no longer meet the need of the protection of Lake Dianchi,and pollution control in the whole process should be addressed.
出处 《湖泊科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第5期633-639,共7页 Journal of Lake Sciences
基金 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项"滇池流域水污染治理与富营养化综合控制技术及示范项目"(2008ZX07102)资助
关键词 滇池流域 点源污染 问题解析 Lake Dianchi basin point source pollution problem analysis
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