摘要
基于量子统计方法,通过考虑单粒子能谱的相对论修正且引入无自旋自由费米子的非相对论自由能,导出弱磁场中弱相互作用费米气体的自由能,给出各种温度条件下系统热力学量的解析式,详细具体地展示相对论修正对热力学性质的影响,并分析其影响机理.研究表明,与非相对论比较,相对论修正总是降低化学势,在低温下也降低总能及热容量,而在高温下增加总能及热容量;除低温下的热容量外,总能及热容量的改变比例于磁场的平方.
Based on the methods of quantum statistics, by considering relativistic correction of single particle and introducing the nonrelativistic free energy of the system of spinless and free fermions, the free energy for Fermi gas in a weak magnetic field is derived, thereout the analytical expressions of thermodynamic quantities of the system under various temperature condtions are given, the effects of relativistic correction on the properties of the nonrelativistic system are exhibited particular and concrete, and the mechanism of the effects is analysed. Compared with those of nonrelativistic situation, it is shown that the effects of relativistic correction always reduce chemical potential. The effects of relativistic correction decrease the total energy and heat capacity at low temperatures, while increase them at high temperatures. The changes of the total energy and heat capacity （not include the low-temperature heat capacity ） are proportional to the square of magnetic field.
出处
《四川大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期831-836,共6页
Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
费米气体
相对论修正
热力学性质
Fermi gas, relativistic correction, thermodynamic property
