摘要
目的在住院儿童心肺复苏术流程中应用失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)结合因果分析法,改善抢救人员行为,降低心肺复苏术风险,保证患者安全。方法成立FMEA小组,用FMEA方法对住院儿童心肺复苏操作流程中可能出现的失效模式分析评估,对事先风险数值(risk priority number,RPN)≥100分的11个高风险因子逐一应用因果分析法分析潜在的失效原因,开展针对性的改善行动并估算采取改善行动后的RPN值。结果采取改善行动后各项RPN值均<100分。FMEA结合因果分析法查找潜在失效原因,能使所有潜在风险得到分级、量化,使风险的处理简便、易行,更有针对性。结论 FMEA结合因果分析法用于住院儿童心肺复苏操作流程中,能在风险发生之前对其进行风险预测、评估,帮助拟定恰当的应对措施,有效预防心肺复苏流程中风险事件的发生。
Objective To reduce risks in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the application of failure mode and effect analysis（FMEA）.Methods A tentative approach of FMEA in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted in conjunction with causality analysis.Critical failure modes had been identified and main causes of the failure modes had been obtained through effect analysis.Corrective actions for the top eleven failure modes with the highest risk priority number（RPN） then were undertaken.Comparisons were made about the top eleven RPNs in two rounds.Results Each of the second RPNs was considerably lower than 100.It was noteworthy that the application of FMEA and causality analysis led to grade and scale risk factors derived from risk assessment and consequently made them easily to be manipulated.Conclusion The combination of FMEA and causality analysis in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation lead to accurate assessment of risk factors.Together with appropriate corrective actions,risk factors would be effectively reduced.
出处
《护理学报》
2010年第16期19-21,共3页
Journal of Nursing（China）
关键词
失效模式和效应分析
因果分析法
儿童
心肺复苏术
护理风险
failure mode and effect analysis
causality analysis
child
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
nursing risk
