摘要
目的了解医院就诊者流感传播和预防知识认识及行为状况。方法采用开放式调查方法 ,用自行设计的调查表对来北京大学第一医院就诊的患者进行问卷调查。结果认为流感是通过飞沫传染他人的占98.1%,认为戴口罩可以在很大程度上阻断传播的占96.3%,认为身边流感患者通过打喷嚏、咳嗽传染自己的占75.0%,关注公共场所空气污染的占96.5%。家庭中感冒患者戴口罩的占21.4%,感冒者外出戴口罩的占42.8%,退热后有较重感冒症状但坚持上班(上学)的占82.1%,不同年龄段和不同受教育程度人员感冒在家中戴口罩的比例存在统计学差异;不同年龄段人员感冒时外出戴口罩的比例存在统计学差异。结论被调查者中了解流感相关知识与传播途径的人员所占比例较大,但采取预防行为的人较少。应加大力度强化感冒患者戴口罩意识和行为;对流感患者应有相应隔离政策;强化预防流感宣传教育。
Objective To understand the status of influenza-related knowledge and behavior among outpatients.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey outpatients at Beijing University First Hospital.Results 98.1% of the participants thought influenza could be transmitted by droplet.96.3% thought that wearing a mouth-cover could stop the transmission.75.0% believed that they could get influenza when family members who got influenza sneezed or coughed.96.5% concerned about the air pollution.21.4% wore mask when family members were sick.42.8% visited public places with mask when they were sick.82.1% went to work or school when they did not have fever but still had severe influenza symptoms.Age and education level significantly affected the rate of patients who wore mask at home.There was a statistical significance in wearing mask at public places across different age groups.Conclusion The majority of the participants knew influenza knowledge,especially the transmission routes,but a limited number of them adopted prevention strategies.Influenza patients’ intention and practice to wear mask should be strengthened.There must be quarantined and effective health education on influenza.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2010年第7期525-527,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
关键词
就诊者
流感
呼吸道疾病
预防
Outpatients
Influenza
Respiratory diseases
Prevention
